The effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milk

The density of milk is dependent upon various factors including temperature, processing conditions, and animal breed. This study evaluated the effect of different cow genetic groups, Jersey, elite Holstein Friesians (EHF), and national average Holstein Friesians (NAHF) on the compositional and physi...

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Main Authors: P. Parmar, N. Lopez-Villalobos, J.T. Tobin, E. Murphy, F. Buckley, A. McDonagh, J.A. O’Mahony, S.V. Crowley, A.L. Kelly, L. Shalloo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Compuscript Ltd 2021-01-01
Series:Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/ijafr-2020-0115
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author P. Parmar
N. Lopez-Villalobos
J.T. Tobin
E. Murphy
F. Buckley
A. McDonagh
J.A. O’Mahony
S.V. Crowley
A.L. Kelly
L. Shalloo
author_facet P. Parmar
N. Lopez-Villalobos
J.T. Tobin
E. Murphy
F. Buckley
A. McDonagh
J.A. O’Mahony
S.V. Crowley
A.L. Kelly
L. Shalloo
author_sort P. Parmar
collection DOAJ
description The density of milk is dependent upon various factors including temperature, processing conditions, and animal breed. This study evaluated the effect of different cow genetic groups, Jersey, elite Holstein Friesians (EHF), and national average Holstein Friesians (NAHF) on the compositional and physicochemical properties of milk. Approximately 1,040 representative (morning and evening) milk samples (~115 per month during 9 mo) were collected once every 2 wk. Milk composition was determined with a Bentley Dairyspec instrument. Data were analysed with a mixed linear model that included the fixed effects of sampling month, genetic group, interaction between month and genetic group and the random effects of cow to account for repeated measures on the same animal. Milk density was determined using three different analytical approaches – a portable and a standard desktop density meter and 100 cm3 calibrated glass pycnometers. Milk density was analysed with the same mixed model as for milk composition but including the analytical method as a fixed effect. Jersey cows had the greatest mean for fat content (5.69 ± 0.13%), followed by EHF (4.81 ± 0.16%) and NAHF (4.30 ± 0.15%). Milk density was significantly higher (1.0313 g/cm3 ± 0.00026, P < 0.05) for the milk of Jersey breed when compared to the EHF (1.0304 ± 0.00026 g/cm3) and NAHF (1.0303 ± 0.00024 g/cm3) genetic groups. The results from this study can be used by farmers and dairy processors alike to enhance accuracy when calculating the quantity and value of milk solids depending upon the genetic merit of the animal/herd, and may also improve milk payment systems through relating milk solids content and density.
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spelling doaj.art-7301e814575845478858057a3f926e1c2023-04-06T06:25:42ZengCompuscript LtdIrish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research2009-90292021-01-0159121522310.15212/ijafr-2020-0115The effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milkP. Parmar0N. Lopez-Villalobos1J.T. Tobin2E. Murphy3F. Buckley4A. McDonagh5J.A. O’Mahony6S.V. Crowley7A.L. Kelly8L. Shalloo9Livestock Systems Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, IrelandSchool of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New ZealandFood Chemistry and Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, IrelandFood Chemistry and Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, IrelandAnimal and Bioscience Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, IrelandGrassland Science Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, IrelandSchool of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, T12 K8AF, IrelandSchool of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, T12 K8AF, IrelandSchool of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, T12 K8AF, IrelandLivestock Systems Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, IrelandThe density of milk is dependent upon various factors including temperature, processing conditions, and animal breed. This study evaluated the effect of different cow genetic groups, Jersey, elite Holstein Friesians (EHF), and national average Holstein Friesians (NAHF) on the compositional and physicochemical properties of milk. Approximately 1,040 representative (morning and evening) milk samples (~115 per month during 9 mo) were collected once every 2 wk. Milk composition was determined with a Bentley Dairyspec instrument. Data were analysed with a mixed linear model that included the fixed effects of sampling month, genetic group, interaction between month and genetic group and the random effects of cow to account for repeated measures on the same animal. Milk density was determined using three different analytical approaches – a portable and a standard desktop density meter and 100 cm3 calibrated glass pycnometers. Milk density was analysed with the same mixed model as for milk composition but including the analytical method as a fixed effect. Jersey cows had the greatest mean for fat content (5.69 ± 0.13%), followed by EHF (4.81 ± 0.16%) and NAHF (4.30 ± 0.15%). Milk density was significantly higher (1.0313 g/cm3 ± 0.00026, P < 0.05) for the milk of Jersey breed when compared to the EHF (1.0304 ± 0.00026 g/cm3) and NAHF (1.0303 ± 0.00024 g/cm3) genetic groups. The results from this study can be used by farmers and dairy processors alike to enhance accuracy when calculating the quantity and value of milk solids depending upon the genetic merit of the animal/herd, and may also improve milk payment systems through relating milk solids content and density.https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/ijafr-2020-0115compositiondensitygenetic groupraw milkwhole milk
spellingShingle P. Parmar
N. Lopez-Villalobos
J.T. Tobin
E. Murphy
F. Buckley
A. McDonagh
J.A. O’Mahony
S.V. Crowley
A.L. Kelly
L. Shalloo
The effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milk
Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research
composition
density
genetic group
raw milk
whole milk
title The effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milk
title_full The effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milk
title_fullStr The effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milk
title_full_unstemmed The effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milk
title_short The effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milk
title_sort effects of cow genetic group on the density of raw whole milk
topic composition
density
genetic group
raw milk
whole milk
url https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/ijafr-2020-0115
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