Exposure to Essential and Toxic Elements via Consumption of <i>Agaricaceae</i>, <i>Amanitaceae</i>, <i>Boletaceae,</i> and <i>Russulaceae</i> Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern Morocco
The demand and interest in mushrooms, both cultivated and wild, has increased among consumers in recent years due to a better understanding of the benefits of this food. However, the ability of wild edible mushrooms to accumulate essential and toxic elements is well documented. In this study, a tota...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/5/545 |
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| author | Marta Barea-Sepúlveda Estrella Espada-Bellido Marta Ferreiro-González Hassan Bouziane José Gerardo López-Castillo Miguel Palma Gerardo F. Barbero |
| author_facet | Marta Barea-Sepúlveda Estrella Espada-Bellido Marta Ferreiro-González Hassan Bouziane José Gerardo López-Castillo Miguel Palma Gerardo F. Barbero |
| author_sort | Marta Barea-Sepúlveda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The demand and interest in mushrooms, both cultivated and wild, has increased among consumers in recent years due to a better understanding of the benefits of this food. However, the ability of wild edible mushrooms to accumulate essential and toxic elements is well documented. In this study, a total of eight metallic elements and metalloids (chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se)) were determined by ICP-MS in five wild edible mushroom species (<i>Agaricus silvicola</i>, <i>Amanita caesarea</i>, <i>Boletus aereus</i>, <i>Boletus edulis,</i> and <i>Russula cyanoxantha</i>) collected in southern Spain and northern Morocco. Overall, Zn was found to be the predominant element among the studied species, followed by Cu and Se. The multivariate analysis suggested that considerable differences exist in the uptake of the essential and toxic elements determined, linked to species-intrinsic factors. Furthermore, the highest Estimated Daily Intake of Metals (EDIM) values obtained were observed for Zn. The Health Risk Index (HRI) assessment for all the mushroom species studied showed a Hg-related cause of concern due to the frequent consumption of around 300 g of fresh mushrooms per day during the mushrooming season. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:36:43Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:36:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-738b63d914c443ceac1f82f91f3549002023-11-23T11:42:39ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-05-018554510.3390/jof8050545Exposure to Essential and Toxic Elements via Consumption of <i>Agaricaceae</i>, <i>Amanitaceae</i>, <i>Boletaceae,</i> and <i>Russulaceae</i> Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern MoroccoMarta Barea-Sepúlveda0Estrella Espada-Bellido1Marta Ferreiro-González2Hassan Bouziane3José Gerardo López-Castillo4Miguel Palma5Gerardo F. Barbero6Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, 11510 Puerto Real, CA, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, 11510 Puerto Real, CA, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, 11510 Puerto Real, CA, SpainLaboratory of Applied Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Mhannech II, Tetouan 2121, MoroccoUnidad de Protección de la Salud, Distrito Sanitario Granada-Metropolitano, Consejería de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucía, 18150 Gójar, GR, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, 11510 Puerto Real, CA, SpainDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cadiz, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), IVAGRO, 11510 Puerto Real, CA, SpainThe demand and interest in mushrooms, both cultivated and wild, has increased among consumers in recent years due to a better understanding of the benefits of this food. However, the ability of wild edible mushrooms to accumulate essential and toxic elements is well documented. In this study, a total of eight metallic elements and metalloids (chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se)) were determined by ICP-MS in five wild edible mushroom species (<i>Agaricus silvicola</i>, <i>Amanita caesarea</i>, <i>Boletus aereus</i>, <i>Boletus edulis,</i> and <i>Russula cyanoxantha</i>) collected in southern Spain and northern Morocco. Overall, Zn was found to be the predominant element among the studied species, followed by Cu and Se. The multivariate analysis suggested that considerable differences exist in the uptake of the essential and toxic elements determined, linked to species-intrinsic factors. Furthermore, the highest Estimated Daily Intake of Metals (EDIM) values obtained were observed for Zn. The Health Risk Index (HRI) assessment for all the mushroom species studied showed a Hg-related cause of concern due to the frequent consumption of around 300 g of fresh mushrooms per day during the mushrooming season.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/5/545wild edible mushroomsmetallic elementsmetalloidsrisk assessmenthuman healthorganic food |
| spellingShingle | Marta Barea-Sepúlveda Estrella Espada-Bellido Marta Ferreiro-González Hassan Bouziane José Gerardo López-Castillo Miguel Palma Gerardo F. Barbero Exposure to Essential and Toxic Elements via Consumption of <i>Agaricaceae</i>, <i>Amanitaceae</i>, <i>Boletaceae,</i> and <i>Russulaceae</i> Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern Morocco Journal of Fungi wild edible mushrooms metallic elements metalloids risk assessment human health organic food |
| title | Exposure to Essential and Toxic Elements via Consumption of <i>Agaricaceae</i>, <i>Amanitaceae</i>, <i>Boletaceae,</i> and <i>Russulaceae</i> Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern Morocco |
| title_full | Exposure to Essential and Toxic Elements via Consumption of <i>Agaricaceae</i>, <i>Amanitaceae</i>, <i>Boletaceae,</i> and <i>Russulaceae</i> Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern Morocco |
| title_fullStr | Exposure to Essential and Toxic Elements via Consumption of <i>Agaricaceae</i>, <i>Amanitaceae</i>, <i>Boletaceae,</i> and <i>Russulaceae</i> Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern Morocco |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exposure to Essential and Toxic Elements via Consumption of <i>Agaricaceae</i>, <i>Amanitaceae</i>, <i>Boletaceae,</i> and <i>Russulaceae</i> Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern Morocco |
| title_short | Exposure to Essential and Toxic Elements via Consumption of <i>Agaricaceae</i>, <i>Amanitaceae</i>, <i>Boletaceae,</i> and <i>Russulaceae</i> Mushrooms from Southern Spain and Northern Morocco |
| title_sort | exposure to essential and toxic elements via consumption of i agaricaceae i i amanitaceae i i boletaceae i and i russulaceae i mushrooms from southern spain and northern morocco |
| topic | wild edible mushrooms metallic elements metalloids risk assessment human health organic food |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/5/545 |
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