Toroidal Vortices of Energy in Tightly Focused Second-Order Cylindrical Vector Beams
In this paper, we simulate the focusing of a cylindrical vector beam (CVB) of second order, using the Richards–Wolf formula. Many papers have been published on focusing CVB, but they did not report on forming of the toroidal vortices of energy (TVE) near the focus. TVE are fluxes of light energy in...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-07-01
|
| Series: | Photonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/8/8/301 |