Effect of long-term antihypertensive treatment on cerebrovascular structure and function in hypertensive rats
Abstract Midlife hypertension is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. We investigated the effects of long-term treatment with two classes of antihypertensive drugs to determine whether diverging mechanisms of blood pressure lowering impact th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30515-0 |
| _version_ | 1797864839367884800 |
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| author | Daphne M. P. Naessens Judith de Vos Edo Richard Micha M. M. Wilhelmus Cornelis A. M. Jongenelen Edwin R. Scholl Nicole N. van der Wel Johannes A. Heijst Charlotte E. Teunissen Gustav J. Strijkers Bram F. Coolen Ed VanBavel Erik N. T. P. Bakker |
| author_facet | Daphne M. P. Naessens Judith de Vos Edo Richard Micha M. M. Wilhelmus Cornelis A. M. Jongenelen Edwin R. Scholl Nicole N. van der Wel Johannes A. Heijst Charlotte E. Teunissen Gustav J. Strijkers Bram F. Coolen Ed VanBavel Erik N. T. P. Bakker |
| author_sort | Daphne M. P. Naessens |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Midlife hypertension is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. We investigated the effects of long-term treatment with two classes of antihypertensive drugs to determine whether diverging mechanisms of blood pressure lowering impact the brain differently. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were either left untreated or treated with a calcium channel blocker (amlodipine) or beta blocker (atenolol) until one year of age. The normotensive Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY) was used as a reference group. Both drugs lowered blood pressure equally, while only atenolol decreased heart rate. Cerebrovascular resistance was increased in SHR, which was prevented by amlodipine but not atenolol. SHR showed a larger carotid artery diameter with impaired pulsatility, which was prevented by atenolol. Cerebral arteries demonstrated inward remodelling, stiffening and endothelial dysfunction in SHR. Both treatments similarly improved these parameters. MRI revealed that SHR have smaller brains with enlarged ventricles. In addition, neurofilament light levels were increased in cerebrospinal fluid of SHR. However, neither treatment affected these parameters. In conclusion, amlodipine and atenolol both lower blood pressure, but elicit a different hemodynamic profile. Both medications improve cerebral artery structure and function, but neither drug prevented indices of brain damage in this model of hypertension. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:59:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-745f2e184b9840ca9b51d2874d862073 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:59:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-745f2e184b9840ca9b51d2874d8620732023-03-22T11:05:02ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-03-0113111410.1038/s41598-023-30515-0Effect of long-term antihypertensive treatment on cerebrovascular structure and function in hypertensive ratsDaphne M. P. Naessens0Judith de Vos1Edo Richard2Micha M. M. Wilhelmus3Cornelis A. M. Jongenelen4Edwin R. Scholl5Nicole N. van der Wel6Johannes A. Heijst7Charlotte E. Teunissen8Gustav J. Strijkers9Bram F. Coolen10Ed VanBavel11Erik N. T. P. Bakker12Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Public and Occupational HealthAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Anatomy and NeurosciencesAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Anatomy and NeurosciencesAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biology, Electron Microscopy Center AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biology, Electron Microscopy Center AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAbstract Midlife hypertension is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. We investigated the effects of long-term treatment with two classes of antihypertensive drugs to determine whether diverging mechanisms of blood pressure lowering impact the brain differently. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were either left untreated or treated with a calcium channel blocker (amlodipine) or beta blocker (atenolol) until one year of age. The normotensive Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY) was used as a reference group. Both drugs lowered blood pressure equally, while only atenolol decreased heart rate. Cerebrovascular resistance was increased in SHR, which was prevented by amlodipine but not atenolol. SHR showed a larger carotid artery diameter with impaired pulsatility, which was prevented by atenolol. Cerebral arteries demonstrated inward remodelling, stiffening and endothelial dysfunction in SHR. Both treatments similarly improved these parameters. MRI revealed that SHR have smaller brains with enlarged ventricles. In addition, neurofilament light levels were increased in cerebrospinal fluid of SHR. However, neither treatment affected these parameters. In conclusion, amlodipine and atenolol both lower blood pressure, but elicit a different hemodynamic profile. Both medications improve cerebral artery structure and function, but neither drug prevented indices of brain damage in this model of hypertension.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30515-0 |
| spellingShingle | Daphne M. P. Naessens Judith de Vos Edo Richard Micha M. M. Wilhelmus Cornelis A. M. Jongenelen Edwin R. Scholl Nicole N. van der Wel Johannes A. Heijst Charlotte E. Teunissen Gustav J. Strijkers Bram F. Coolen Ed VanBavel Erik N. T. P. Bakker Effect of long-term antihypertensive treatment on cerebrovascular structure and function in hypertensive rats Scientific Reports |
| title | Effect of long-term antihypertensive treatment on cerebrovascular structure and function in hypertensive rats |
| title_full | Effect of long-term antihypertensive treatment on cerebrovascular structure and function in hypertensive rats |
| title_fullStr | Effect of long-term antihypertensive treatment on cerebrovascular structure and function in hypertensive rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of long-term antihypertensive treatment on cerebrovascular structure and function in hypertensive rats |
| title_short | Effect of long-term antihypertensive treatment on cerebrovascular structure and function in hypertensive rats |
| title_sort | effect of long term antihypertensive treatment on cerebrovascular structure and function in hypertensive rats |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30515-0 |
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