Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine Administration
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity can modify cardiovascular parameters in response to nociceptive stimuli or drugs in anesthetized animals. The aim of this study was to determine if a surgical nociceptive stimulus and morphine, ketamine, and dobutamine administration would modify ANS activity...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/8/1038 |
| _version_ | 1797437171528892416 |
|---|---|
| author | Patricia Ruíz-López Juan Morgaz Setefilla Quirós-Carmona Rocío Navarrete-Calvo Juan Manuel Domínguez Rafael Jesús Gómez-Villamandos M. M. Granados |
| author_facet | Patricia Ruíz-López Juan Morgaz Setefilla Quirós-Carmona Rocío Navarrete-Calvo Juan Manuel Domínguez Rafael Jesús Gómez-Villamandos M. M. Granados |
| author_sort | Patricia Ruíz-López |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity can modify cardiovascular parameters in response to nociceptive stimuli or drugs in anesthetized animals. The aim of this study was to determine if a surgical nociceptive stimulus and morphine, ketamine, and dobutamine administration would modify ANS activity observed as a change in the mean parasympathetic tone activity (PTAm) in anesthetized horses. In 20 anesthetized horses, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and PTAm were monitored before and 1, 3, and 5 min after surgical incision, and before and 10 min after the administration of morphine (0.2 mg/kg IV). If nystagmus or spontaneous ventilation was observed, ketamine (0.5 mg/kg IV) was given, and the three variables were registered before and 3 and 5 min afterward. If MAP reached ≤62 mmHg, a dobutamine infusion was administered, and the three variables were recorded before and 5 min after starting/increasing the infusion (0.25 μg/kg/min IV every 5 min). The three variables were registered before and 1, 3, and 5 min after a PTAm decrease of ≥20%, HR increase of ≥10%, or MAP increase of ≥20%. The PTAm decreased 3 min after the administration of ketamine and 1 min after a PTA event. The surgical incision, dobutamine, and morphine did not modify PTAm. The absence of changes in ANS activity after the nociceptive stimulus and lack of correlation between PTAm and HR or MAP suggest that PTAm is a poor indicator of sympathetic activation under the study conditions. Ketamine seems to affect ANS activity by decreasing PTAm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:15:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-76341164c03340d09c05cab8838ef21c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:15:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-76341164c03340d09c05cab8838ef21c2023-12-01T00:31:19ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-04-01128103810.3390/ani12081038Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine AdministrationPatricia Ruíz-López0Juan Morgaz1Setefilla Quirós-Carmona2Rocío Navarrete-Calvo3Juan Manuel Domínguez4Rafael Jesús Gómez-Villamandos5M. M. Granados6Department of Surgery and Anesthesia of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, 9820 Merelbeke, BelgiumAnimal Medicine and Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Cordoba, SpainAnimal Medicine and Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Cordoba, SpainAnimal Medicine and Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Cordoba, SpainAnimal Medicine and Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Cordoba, SpainAnimal Medicine and Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Cordoba, SpainAnimal Medicine and Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Cordoba, SpainAutonomic nervous system (ANS) activity can modify cardiovascular parameters in response to nociceptive stimuli or drugs in anesthetized animals. The aim of this study was to determine if a surgical nociceptive stimulus and morphine, ketamine, and dobutamine administration would modify ANS activity observed as a change in the mean parasympathetic tone activity (PTAm) in anesthetized horses. In 20 anesthetized horses, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and PTAm were monitored before and 1, 3, and 5 min after surgical incision, and before and 10 min after the administration of morphine (0.2 mg/kg IV). If nystagmus or spontaneous ventilation was observed, ketamine (0.5 mg/kg IV) was given, and the three variables were registered before and 3 and 5 min afterward. If MAP reached ≤62 mmHg, a dobutamine infusion was administered, and the three variables were recorded before and 5 min after starting/increasing the infusion (0.25 μg/kg/min IV every 5 min). The three variables were registered before and 1, 3, and 5 min after a PTAm decrease of ≥20%, HR increase of ≥10%, or MAP increase of ≥20%. The PTAm decreased 3 min after the administration of ketamine and 1 min after a PTA event. The surgical incision, dobutamine, and morphine did not modify PTAm. The absence of changes in ANS activity after the nociceptive stimulus and lack of correlation between PTAm and HR or MAP suggest that PTAm is a poor indicator of sympathetic activation under the study conditions. Ketamine seems to affect ANS activity by decreasing PTAm.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/8/1038autonomic nervous systemdobutaminehorsesketaminemorphinenociception |
| spellingShingle | Patricia Ruíz-López Juan Morgaz Setefilla Quirós-Carmona Rocío Navarrete-Calvo Juan Manuel Domínguez Rafael Jesús Gómez-Villamandos M. M. Granados Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine Administration Animals autonomic nervous system dobutamine horses ketamine morphine nociception |
| title | Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine Administration |
| title_full | Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine Administration |
| title_fullStr | Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine Administration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine Administration |
| title_short | Parasympathetic Tone Changes in Anesthetized Horses after Surgical Stimulation, and Morphine, Ketamine, and Dobutamine Administration |
| title_sort | parasympathetic tone changes in anesthetized horses after surgical stimulation and morphine ketamine and dobutamine administration |
| topic | autonomic nervous system dobutamine horses ketamine morphine nociception |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/8/1038 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT patriciaruizlopez parasympathetictonechangesinanesthetizedhorsesaftersurgicalstimulationandmorphineketamineanddobutamineadministration AT juanmorgaz parasympathetictonechangesinanesthetizedhorsesaftersurgicalstimulationandmorphineketamineanddobutamineadministration AT setefillaquiroscarmona parasympathetictonechangesinanesthetizedhorsesaftersurgicalstimulationandmorphineketamineanddobutamineadministration AT rocionavarretecalvo parasympathetictonechangesinanesthetizedhorsesaftersurgicalstimulationandmorphineketamineanddobutamineadministration AT juanmanueldominguez parasympathetictonechangesinanesthetizedhorsesaftersurgicalstimulationandmorphineketamineanddobutamineadministration AT rafaeljesusgomezvillamandos parasympathetictonechangesinanesthetizedhorsesaftersurgicalstimulationandmorphineketamineanddobutamineadministration AT mmgranados parasympathetictonechangesinanesthetizedhorsesaftersurgicalstimulationandmorphineketamineanddobutamineadministration |