Epithelial-derived galectin-9 containing exosomes contribute to the immunomodulatory effects promoted by 2’-fucosyllactose and short-chain galacto- and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides
IntroductionEarly life exposure to non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) or microbial components is known to affect immune development. NDO in combination with a TLR9 agonist mimicking bacterial triggers (CpG) promoted the secretion of galectins through unknown pathways. We aimed to study the contri...
Main Authors: | Veronica Ayechu-Muruzabal, Merel de Boer, Bart Blokhuis, Alinda J. Berends, Johan Garssen, Aletta D. Kraneveld, Belinda van’t Land, Linette E. M. Willemsen |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026031/full |
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