Nickel(II)-Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cycloadditions between Indoles and Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes

This article describes the development of a nickel-catalyzed regio- and diastereoselective formal [3+2] cycloaddition between <i>N</i>-substituted indoles and donor–acceptor cyclopropanes to synthesize cyclopenta[<i>b</i>]indoles. Optimized reaction conditions provide the des...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Víctor Quezada, Mariña Castroagudín, Felipe Verdugo, Sergio Ortiz, Guillermo Zaragoza, Fabiane M. Nachtigall, Francisco A. A. Reis, Alejandro Castro-Alvarez, Leonardo S. Santos, Ronald Nelson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-04-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/7/1604
Description
Summary:This article describes the development of a nickel-catalyzed regio- and diastereoselective formal [3+2] cycloaddition between <i>N</i>-substituted indoles and donor–acceptor cyclopropanes to synthesize cyclopenta[<i>b</i>]indoles. Optimized reaction conditions provide the desired nitrogen-containing cycloadducts in up to 93% yield and <i>dr</i> 8.6:1 with complete regioselectivity. The substrate scope showed high tolerance to various substituted indoles and cyclopropanes, resulting in the synthesis of six new cyclopenta[<i>b</i>]indoles and the isolation of five derivatives previously reported in the literature. In addition, a mechanistic proposal for the reaction was studied through online reaction monitoring by ESI-MS, allowing for the identification of the reactive intermediates in the Ni(II) catalyzed process. X-ray crystallography confirmed the structure and relative endo stereochemistry of the products. This method enables the fast and efficient construction of fused indolines from readily accessible starting materials.
ISSN:1420-3049