Concentration and reduction efficiency of vancomycin-resistant heterotrophic bacteria and vanA and vanB genes in wastewater treatment unit processes
Objectives: This study elucidated the distribution and fate of vancomycin (VCM)-resistant heterotrophic bacteria (HTB) and resistance genes, vanA and vanB, during each treatment unit process of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Methods: Several bacterial counts as well as copy numbers of vanA and...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716522001734 |
| _version_ | 1798003355464761344 |
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| author | Takashi Furukawa Tohru Mekata Mohan Amarasiri Kazunari Sei |
| author_facet | Takashi Furukawa Tohru Mekata Mohan Amarasiri Kazunari Sei |
| author_sort | Takashi Furukawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: This study elucidated the distribution and fate of vancomycin (VCM)-resistant heterotrophic bacteria (HTB) and resistance genes, vanA and vanB, during each treatment unit process of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Methods: Several bacterial counts as well as copy numbers of vanA and vanB genes were determined in each wastewater and sludge sample. In addition, HTB strains isolated from wastewater and sludge were analyzed for VCM susceptibility. Then, the fate and reduction ratios of each bacterial count, copy number of vanA and vanB genes, and the existence ratio of VCM-resistant HTB strains in the wastewater treatment unit process were evaluated. Results: VCM-resistant HTB were detected in all wastewater and sludge samples, and their existence ratio decreased along the treatment process (92.9% in influent wastewater to 39.4% in chlorinated water). Notably, most of the HTB isolated from the influent wastewater were resistant to 8.0 µg/mL of VCM, strongly suggesting that a significant number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria are flowing into the WWTP from urban areas through the sewage system. The vanA and vanB genes were also detected in all wastewater and sludge, with high copy numbers (102-104 copies/mL) even in chlorinated water samples. Conclusions: Results revealed that residual VCM-resistant HTB, and resistance genes, which could not be completely removed, were ubiquitously released into the aquatic environment. Furthermore, a high existence ratio of VCM-resistant HTB and high copy numbers of resistance genes were also detected in the sludge, indicating that they are constantly circulating in the WWTP via the returned sludge. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:07:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-781d3a67990d41e2bb8c429cb1c99fde |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2213-7165 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:07:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance |
| spelling | doaj.art-781d3a67990d41e2bb8c429cb1c99fde2022-12-22T04:24:42ZengElsevierJournal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance2213-71652022-09-0130340347Concentration and reduction efficiency of vancomycin-resistant heterotrophic bacteria and vanA and vanB genes in wastewater treatment unit processesTakashi Furukawa0Tohru Mekata1Mohan Amarasiri2Kazunari Sei3Laboratory of Environmental Hygiene, Department of Health Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara-Minami, Japan; Corresponding author: Laboratory of Environmental Hygiene, Department of Health Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Sagamihara-Minami, 252-0373, Japan.Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, JapanLaboratory of Environmental Hygiene, Department of Health Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara-Minami, JapanLaboratory of Environmental Hygiene, Department of Health Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara-Minami, JapanObjectives: This study elucidated the distribution and fate of vancomycin (VCM)-resistant heterotrophic bacteria (HTB) and resistance genes, vanA and vanB, during each treatment unit process of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Methods: Several bacterial counts as well as copy numbers of vanA and vanB genes were determined in each wastewater and sludge sample. In addition, HTB strains isolated from wastewater and sludge were analyzed for VCM susceptibility. Then, the fate and reduction ratios of each bacterial count, copy number of vanA and vanB genes, and the existence ratio of VCM-resistant HTB strains in the wastewater treatment unit process were evaluated. Results: VCM-resistant HTB were detected in all wastewater and sludge samples, and their existence ratio decreased along the treatment process (92.9% in influent wastewater to 39.4% in chlorinated water). Notably, most of the HTB isolated from the influent wastewater were resistant to 8.0 µg/mL of VCM, strongly suggesting that a significant number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria are flowing into the WWTP from urban areas through the sewage system. The vanA and vanB genes were also detected in all wastewater and sludge, with high copy numbers (102-104 copies/mL) even in chlorinated water samples. Conclusions: Results revealed that residual VCM-resistant HTB, and resistance genes, which could not be completely removed, were ubiquitously released into the aquatic environment. Furthermore, a high existence ratio of VCM-resistant HTB and high copy numbers of resistance genes were also detected in the sludge, indicating that they are constantly circulating in the WWTP via the returned sludge.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716522001734Antibiotic-resistant bacteriaAntibiotic resistance genesVancomycinHeterotrophic bacteriaFecal indicator bacteriaWastewater treatment unit process |
| spellingShingle | Takashi Furukawa Tohru Mekata Mohan Amarasiri Kazunari Sei Concentration and reduction efficiency of vancomycin-resistant heterotrophic bacteria and vanA and vanB genes in wastewater treatment unit processes Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance Antibiotic-resistant bacteria Antibiotic resistance genes Vancomycin Heterotrophic bacteria Fecal indicator bacteria Wastewater treatment unit process |
| title | Concentration and reduction efficiency of vancomycin-resistant heterotrophic bacteria and vanA and vanB genes in wastewater treatment unit processes |
| title_full | Concentration and reduction efficiency of vancomycin-resistant heterotrophic bacteria and vanA and vanB genes in wastewater treatment unit processes |
| title_fullStr | Concentration and reduction efficiency of vancomycin-resistant heterotrophic bacteria and vanA and vanB genes in wastewater treatment unit processes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Concentration and reduction efficiency of vancomycin-resistant heterotrophic bacteria and vanA and vanB genes in wastewater treatment unit processes |
| title_short | Concentration and reduction efficiency of vancomycin-resistant heterotrophic bacteria and vanA and vanB genes in wastewater treatment unit processes |
| title_sort | concentration and reduction efficiency of vancomycin resistant heterotrophic bacteria and vana and vanb genes in wastewater treatment unit processes |
| topic | Antibiotic-resistant bacteria Antibiotic resistance genes Vancomycin Heterotrophic bacteria Fecal indicator bacteria Wastewater treatment unit process |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716522001734 |
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