Differential Toxicity Responses between Hepatopancreas and Gills in <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> under Chronic Ammonia-N Exposure
Ammonia nitrogen is one of the main toxic substances in aquatic cultivation environments. Chronic exposure to excessive amounts of ammonia-N creates toxic consequences, retarding the growth of aquatic organisms. This study investigated the growth performance, morphological and physiological alterati...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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Series: | Animals |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/24/3799 |