Identification of Contamination Sources and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Small-scale Cow-calf Operations in Oklahoma and Louisiana
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a human pathogen that exists as part of the commensal microflora of cattle and is shed in animal feces. Little is known about the effect of management practices on its occurrence and transmission on small-scale cow-calf operations. Identification of risk factors associate...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Food Protection |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X23068400 |
| _version_ | 1797640271854305280 |
|---|---|
| author | Divya A. Jaroni Joyjit Saha Kaylee Rumbaugh Renita Woods Marshall |
| author_facet | Divya A. Jaroni Joyjit Saha Kaylee Rumbaugh Renita Woods Marshall |
| author_sort | Divya A. Jaroni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a human pathogen that exists as part of the commensal microflora of cattle and is shed in animal feces. Little is known about the effect of management practices on its occurrence and transmission on small-scale cow-calf operations. Identification of risk factors associated with farm practices could help implement effective measures to control E. coli O157:H7. This study quantified the risk of E. coli O157:H7 occurrence associated with cow-calf farm practices using risk modeling. Management practices of small-scale cow-calf operations in OK and LA were assessed through survey-based research. Fecal, water, sediments and water-trough-swab samples were collected to determine the incidence of E. coli O157:H7, and potential on-farm contamination sources and risk factors identified. Association between the occurrence of pathogen and farm practices was determined using two risk assessment models (I and II). Model I determined the association of E. coli O157:H7 occurrence with water source, water container, feed, cattle breed, and herd density, while Model II determined its association with farm cleanliness. For both models, logistic regression was followed using a two-step approach, univariable and multivariable analysis. In OK and LA, E. coli O157:H7 was present in 5.8% and 8.8% fecal, 4.4% and 9.4% water, 10.3% and 9.6% sediments, and 1.5% and 10.6% water-trough-swab samples, respectively. In Model I, univariable analysis identified water container and feed, whereas multivariable analysis identified feed as a significant risk factor. In Model II, the univariable analysis found cleanliness of cattle-contact areas, such as, alleyways, water-trough, chute and equipment, to be a significant risk factor. In multivariable analysis, only the cleanliness of water-trough was identified to be a significant risk factor. Results from the study could aid in the development of on-farm best management practices for the reduction of E. coli O157:H7. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:29:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-78fe06abf16040d9ae3879e2a8a7fe16 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0362-028X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:29:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Food Protection |
| spelling | doaj.art-78fe06abf16040d9ae3879e2a8a7fe162023-11-03T04:14:49ZengElsevierJournal of Food Protection0362-028X2023-11-018611100156Identification of Contamination Sources and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Small-scale Cow-calf Operations in Oklahoma and LouisianaDivya A. Jaroni0Joyjit Saha1Kaylee Rumbaugh2Renita Woods Marshall3Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; Corresponding author.Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USADepartment of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USASouthern University Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USAEscherichia coli O157:H7 is a human pathogen that exists as part of the commensal microflora of cattle and is shed in animal feces. Little is known about the effect of management practices on its occurrence and transmission on small-scale cow-calf operations. Identification of risk factors associated with farm practices could help implement effective measures to control E. coli O157:H7. This study quantified the risk of E. coli O157:H7 occurrence associated with cow-calf farm practices using risk modeling. Management practices of small-scale cow-calf operations in OK and LA were assessed through survey-based research. Fecal, water, sediments and water-trough-swab samples were collected to determine the incidence of E. coli O157:H7, and potential on-farm contamination sources and risk factors identified. Association between the occurrence of pathogen and farm practices was determined using two risk assessment models (I and II). Model I determined the association of E. coli O157:H7 occurrence with water source, water container, feed, cattle breed, and herd density, while Model II determined its association with farm cleanliness. For both models, logistic regression was followed using a two-step approach, univariable and multivariable analysis. In OK and LA, E. coli O157:H7 was present in 5.8% and 8.8% fecal, 4.4% and 9.4% water, 10.3% and 9.6% sediments, and 1.5% and 10.6% water-trough-swab samples, respectively. In Model I, univariable analysis identified water container and feed, whereas multivariable analysis identified feed as a significant risk factor. In Model II, the univariable analysis found cleanliness of cattle-contact areas, such as, alleyways, water-trough, chute and equipment, to be a significant risk factor. In multivariable analysis, only the cleanliness of water-trough was identified to be a significant risk factor. Results from the study could aid in the development of on-farm best management practices for the reduction of E. coli O157:H7.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X23068400Beef cattleCow-calfEscherichia coliFood safetyManagement practices |
| spellingShingle | Divya A. Jaroni Joyjit Saha Kaylee Rumbaugh Renita Woods Marshall Identification of Contamination Sources and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Small-scale Cow-calf Operations in Oklahoma and Louisiana Journal of Food Protection Beef cattle Cow-calf Escherichia coli Food safety Management practices |
| title | Identification of Contamination Sources and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Small-scale Cow-calf Operations in Oklahoma and Louisiana |
| title_full | Identification of Contamination Sources and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Small-scale Cow-calf Operations in Oklahoma and Louisiana |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Contamination Sources and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Small-scale Cow-calf Operations in Oklahoma and Louisiana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Contamination Sources and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Small-scale Cow-calf Operations in Oklahoma and Louisiana |
| title_short | Identification of Contamination Sources and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Small-scale Cow-calf Operations in Oklahoma and Louisiana |
| title_sort | identification of contamination sources and assessment of risk factors associated with the occurrence of escherichia coli o157 h7 on small scale cow calf operations in oklahoma and louisiana |
| topic | Beef cattle Cow-calf Escherichia coli Food safety Management practices |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X23068400 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT divyaajaroni identificationofcontaminationsourcesandassessmentofriskfactorsassociatedwiththeoccurrenceofescherichiacolio157h7onsmallscalecowcalfoperationsinoklahomaandlouisiana AT joyjitsaha identificationofcontaminationsourcesandassessmentofriskfactorsassociatedwiththeoccurrenceofescherichiacolio157h7onsmallscalecowcalfoperationsinoklahomaandlouisiana AT kayleerumbaugh identificationofcontaminationsourcesandassessmentofriskfactorsassociatedwiththeoccurrenceofescherichiacolio157h7onsmallscalecowcalfoperationsinoklahomaandlouisiana AT renitawoodsmarshall identificationofcontaminationsourcesandassessmentofriskfactorsassociatedwiththeoccurrenceofescherichiacolio157h7onsmallscalecowcalfoperationsinoklahomaandlouisiana |