Predicting Liquid Water Condensation in PEM Fuel Cells by Coupling CFD with 1D Models

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are a promising technology for future transportation applications. However, start-up procedures that are not optimized for low temperatures can lead to the early failure of the cells. Detailed CFD models can support the optimization of cold start procedures, but t...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maximilian Schmitz, Fynn Matthiesen, Steffen Dirkes, Stefan Pischinger
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-03-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/5/1259