Mechanisms of Cancer Induction by Tobacco-Specific NNK and NNN
Tobacco use is a major public health problem worldwide. Tobacco-related cancers cause millions of deaths annually. Although several tobacco agents play a role in the development of tumors, the potent effects of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN)...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2014-05-01
|
| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/2/1138 |
| _version_ | 1797728493538115584 |
|---|---|
| author | Jiaping Xue Suping Yang Seyha Seng |
| author_facet | Jiaping Xue Suping Yang Seyha Seng |
| author_sort | Jiaping Xue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tobacco use is a major public health problem worldwide. Tobacco-related cancers cause millions of deaths annually. Although several tobacco agents play a role in the development of tumors, the potent effects of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) are unique. Metabolically activated NNK and NNN induce deleterious mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppression genes by forming DNA adducts, which could be considered as tumor initiation. Meanwhile, the binding of NNK and NNN to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor promotes tumor growth by enhancing and deregulating cell proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion, thereby creating a microenvironment for tumor growth. These two unique aspects of NNK and NNN synergistically induce cancers in tobacco-exposed individuals. This review will discuss various types of tobacco products and tobacco-related cancers, as well as the molecular mechanisms by which nitrosamines, such as NNK and NNN, induce cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:14:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7c2f9782418947e0af9b55d1f2661fee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T11:14:49Z |
| publishDate | 2014-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-7c2f9782418947e0af9b55d1f2661fee2023-09-02T02:19:54ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942014-05-01621138115610.3390/cancers6021138cancers6021138Mechanisms of Cancer Induction by Tobacco-Specific NNK and NNNJiaping Xue0Suping Yang1Seyha Seng2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USADepartment of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USATobacco use is a major public health problem worldwide. Tobacco-related cancers cause millions of deaths annually. Although several tobacco agents play a role in the development of tumors, the potent effects of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) are unique. Metabolically activated NNK and NNN induce deleterious mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppression genes by forming DNA adducts, which could be considered as tumor initiation. Meanwhile, the binding of NNK and NNN to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor promotes tumor growth by enhancing and deregulating cell proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion, thereby creating a microenvironment for tumor growth. These two unique aspects of NNK and NNN synergistically induce cancers in tobacco-exposed individuals. This review will discuss various types of tobacco products and tobacco-related cancers, as well as the molecular mechanisms by which nitrosamines, such as NNK and NNN, induce cancer.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/2/1138tobacconitrosaminescancer |
| spellingShingle | Jiaping Xue Suping Yang Seyha Seng Mechanisms of Cancer Induction by Tobacco-Specific NNK and NNN Cancers tobacco nitrosamines cancer |
| title | Mechanisms of Cancer Induction by Tobacco-Specific NNK and NNN |
| title_full | Mechanisms of Cancer Induction by Tobacco-Specific NNK and NNN |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Cancer Induction by Tobacco-Specific NNK and NNN |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Cancer Induction by Tobacco-Specific NNK and NNN |
| title_short | Mechanisms of Cancer Induction by Tobacco-Specific NNK and NNN |
| title_sort | mechanisms of cancer induction by tobacco specific nnk and nnn |
| topic | tobacco nitrosamines cancer |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/2/1138 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jiapingxue mechanismsofcancerinductionbytobaccospecificnnkandnnn AT supingyang mechanismsofcancerinductionbytobaccospecificnnkandnnn AT seyhaseng mechanismsofcancerinductionbytobaccospecificnnkandnnn |