Autophagy in acute brain injury: Feast, famine, or folly?
In the central nervous system, increased autophagy has now been reported after traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, cerebral ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, and seizures. This increase in autophagy could be physiologic, converting damaged or dysfunctional proteins, lipids, and/or organelles t...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2011-07-01
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Series: | Neurobiology of Disease |
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Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996110003153 |
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author | Craig M. Smith Yaming Chen Mara L. Sullivan Patrick M. Kochanek Robert S.B. Clark |
author_facet | Craig M. Smith Yaming Chen Mara L. Sullivan Patrick M. Kochanek Robert S.B. Clark |
author_sort | Craig M. Smith |
collection | DOAJ |
description | In the central nervous system, increased autophagy has now been reported after traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, cerebral ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, and seizures. This increase in autophagy could be physiologic, converting damaged or dysfunctional proteins, lipids, and/or organelles to their amino acid and fatty acid components for recycling. On the other hand, this increase in autophagy could be supraphysiologic, perhaps consuming and eliminating functional proteins, lipids, and/or organelles as well. Whether an increase in autophagy is beneficial (feast) or detrimental (famine) in brain likely depends on both the burden of intracellular substrate targeted for autophagy and the capacity of the cell's autophagic machinery. Of course, increased autophagy observed after brain injury could also simply be an epiphenomenon (folly). These divergent possibilities have clear ramifications for designing therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy after acute brain injury and are the subject of this review. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled “Autophagy and protein degradation in neurological diseases.” |
first_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:46:22Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-7c73dd76c8f446c8ad569a52def68247 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1095-953X |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:46:22Z |
publishDate | 2011-07-01 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | Article |
series | Neurobiology of Disease |
spelling | doaj.art-7c73dd76c8f446c8ad569a52def682472022-12-21T22:20:50ZengElsevierNeurobiology of Disease1095-953X2011-07-014315259Autophagy in acute brain injury: Feast, famine, or folly?Craig M. Smith0Yaming Chen1Mara L. Sullivan2Patrick M. Kochanek3Robert S.B. Clark4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Brain Trauma Research Center, and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USADepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Brain Trauma Research Center, and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USADepartment of Cell Biology and Physiology, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Brain Trauma Research Center, and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USADepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Brain Trauma Research Center, and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Brain Trauma Research Center, and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USADepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Brain Trauma Research Center, and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Brain Trauma Research Center, and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Corresponding author. Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, 3434 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260. Fax: +1 412 692 6076.In the central nervous system, increased autophagy has now been reported after traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, cerebral ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, and seizures. This increase in autophagy could be physiologic, converting damaged or dysfunctional proteins, lipids, and/or organelles to their amino acid and fatty acid components for recycling. On the other hand, this increase in autophagy could be supraphysiologic, perhaps consuming and eliminating functional proteins, lipids, and/or organelles as well. Whether an increase in autophagy is beneficial (feast) or detrimental (famine) in brain likely depends on both the burden of intracellular substrate targeted for autophagy and the capacity of the cell's autophagic machinery. Of course, increased autophagy observed after brain injury could also simply be an epiphenomenon (folly). These divergent possibilities have clear ramifications for designing therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy after acute brain injury and are the subject of this review. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled “Autophagy and protein degradation in neurological diseases.”http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996110003153AutophagosomeAutophagic stressHypoxia–ischemiaLipophagyMitophagyTraumatic brain injury |
spellingShingle | Craig M. Smith Yaming Chen Mara L. Sullivan Patrick M. Kochanek Robert S.B. Clark Autophagy in acute brain injury: Feast, famine, or folly? Neurobiology of Disease Autophagosome Autophagic stress Hypoxia–ischemia Lipophagy Mitophagy Traumatic brain injury |
title | Autophagy in acute brain injury: Feast, famine, or folly? |
title_full | Autophagy in acute brain injury: Feast, famine, or folly? |
title_fullStr | Autophagy in acute brain injury: Feast, famine, or folly? |
title_full_unstemmed | Autophagy in acute brain injury: Feast, famine, or folly? |
title_short | Autophagy in acute brain injury: Feast, famine, or folly? |
title_sort | autophagy in acute brain injury feast famine or folly |
topic | Autophagosome Autophagic stress Hypoxia–ischemia Lipophagy Mitophagy Traumatic brain injury |
url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996110003153 |
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