System proximity index ratio (SPIR) accuracy in forecasting the sustainability of crop-livestock farming systems in Indonesian paddy fields
Abstract The crop-livestock farming system in paddy fields is integrated between rice crops and beef cattle (rice-beef cattle CLFS). Rice plants will produce straw and rice bran that can be used for animal feed, and livestock will produce compost/manure that can be used for rice nutrition. Some othe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032024000200208&tlng=en |