Effect of artificial insemination, ruminal incubation, and esophageal tubing on cortisol concentration in blood of lactating dairy cows
Cortisol is a hormone associated with pain, fear, distress, or discomfort. We hypothesized that human interventions increase cortisol concentrations in dairy cow plasma. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the concentration of cortisol in plasma before and after animals were subj...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | JDS Communications |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224001728 |