Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption in a Group of Italian Patients with Celiac Disease
Evidence on the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in adults with celiac disease (CD) and its impact on Mediterranean Diet (MD) adherence is still limited. Our aim was to determine UPF consumption and its relationship with MD adherence in a group of adults, according to the presence of CD. T...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/938 |
| _version_ | 1797618890856988672 |
|---|---|
| author | Marta Tristan Asensi Giuditta Pagliai Sofia Lotti Abigail Corrao Barbara Colombini Ilaria Giangrandi Francesco Sofi Monica Dinu |
| author_facet | Marta Tristan Asensi Giuditta Pagliai Sofia Lotti Abigail Corrao Barbara Colombini Ilaria Giangrandi Francesco Sofi Monica Dinu |
| author_sort | Marta Tristan Asensi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Evidence on the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in adults with celiac disease (CD) and its impact on Mediterranean Diet (MD) adherence is still limited. Our aim was to determine UPF consumption and its relationship with MD adherence in a group of adults, according to the presence of CD. This case-control study included 103 adults with CD and 312 without CD. UPF intake was assessed using the NOVA Food Frequency Questionnaire (NFFQ), while MD adherence was assessed using the Medi-Lite score. UPF represented 14.5% of the diet of participants with CD (246 g/day) and came mainly from cereals-based products (29%) and sweets (24.2%). UPF consumption did not differ with the presence of CD, but participants with CD had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher consumption of precooked pasta and pre-packaged breads. Participants with CD also reported a significantly lower MD adherence than participants without CD (9.4 vs. 10.4), with higher intake of meat and dairy products, and lower consumption of vegetables and fish. An inverse trend was found between UPF consumption and MD adherence in adults with CD, although not statistically significant. These findings highlight the importance of improving nutrition education for subjects with CD, which should not only focus on gluten exclusion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:19:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-7d1ffd100f254afb8765fa8e6399cbdc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:19:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-7d1ffd100f254afb8765fa8e6399cbdc2023-11-16T22:31:01ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-02-0115493810.3390/nu15040938Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption in a Group of Italian Patients with Celiac DiseaseMarta Tristan Asensi0Giuditta Pagliai1Sofia Lotti2Abigail Corrao3Barbara Colombini4Ilaria Giangrandi5Francesco Sofi6Monica Dinu7Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Human Science, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USADepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyEvidence on the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in adults with celiac disease (CD) and its impact on Mediterranean Diet (MD) adherence is still limited. Our aim was to determine UPF consumption and its relationship with MD adherence in a group of adults, according to the presence of CD. This case-control study included 103 adults with CD and 312 without CD. UPF intake was assessed using the NOVA Food Frequency Questionnaire (NFFQ), while MD adherence was assessed using the Medi-Lite score. UPF represented 14.5% of the diet of participants with CD (246 g/day) and came mainly from cereals-based products (29%) and sweets (24.2%). UPF consumption did not differ with the presence of CD, but participants with CD had significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher consumption of precooked pasta and pre-packaged breads. Participants with CD also reported a significantly lower MD adherence than participants without CD (9.4 vs. 10.4), with higher intake of meat and dairy products, and lower consumption of vegetables and fish. An inverse trend was found between UPF consumption and MD adherence in adults with CD, although not statistically significant. These findings highlight the importance of improving nutrition education for subjects with CD, which should not only focus on gluten exclusion.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/938celiac diseaseultra-processed foodsNOVA classificationNFFQMediterranean dietMedi-Lite |
| spellingShingle | Marta Tristan Asensi Giuditta Pagliai Sofia Lotti Abigail Corrao Barbara Colombini Ilaria Giangrandi Francesco Sofi Monica Dinu Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption in a Group of Italian Patients with Celiac Disease Nutrients celiac disease ultra-processed foods NOVA classification NFFQ Mediterranean diet Medi-Lite |
| title | Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption in a Group of Italian Patients with Celiac Disease |
| title_full | Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption in a Group of Italian Patients with Celiac Disease |
| title_fullStr | Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption in a Group of Italian Patients with Celiac Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption in a Group of Italian Patients with Celiac Disease |
| title_short | Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption in a Group of Italian Patients with Celiac Disease |
| title_sort | adherence to the mediterranean diet and ultra processed foods consumption in a group of italian patients with celiac disease |
| topic | celiac disease ultra-processed foods NOVA classification NFFQ Mediterranean diet Medi-Lite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/938 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT martatristanasensi adherencetothemediterraneandietandultraprocessedfoodsconsumptioninagroupofitalianpatientswithceliacdisease AT giudittapagliai adherencetothemediterraneandietandultraprocessedfoodsconsumptioninagroupofitalianpatientswithceliacdisease AT sofialotti adherencetothemediterraneandietandultraprocessedfoodsconsumptioninagroupofitalianpatientswithceliacdisease AT abigailcorrao adherencetothemediterraneandietandultraprocessedfoodsconsumptioninagroupofitalianpatientswithceliacdisease AT barbaracolombini adherencetothemediterraneandietandultraprocessedfoodsconsumptioninagroupofitalianpatientswithceliacdisease AT ilariagiangrandi adherencetothemediterraneandietandultraprocessedfoodsconsumptioninagroupofitalianpatientswithceliacdisease AT francescosofi adherencetothemediterraneandietandultraprocessedfoodsconsumptioninagroupofitalianpatientswithceliacdisease AT monicadinu adherencetothemediterraneandietandultraprocessedfoodsconsumptioninagroupofitalianpatientswithceliacdisease |