Systemic biomarkers in electronic cigarette users: implications for noninvasive assessment of vaping-associated pulmonary injuries
Background Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) were introduced as electronic nicotine delivery systems, and have become very popular in the USA and globally. There is a paucity of data on systemic injury biomarkers of vaping in e-cig users that can be used as a noninvasive assessment of vaping-associated...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Respiratory Society
2019-12-01
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| Series: | ERJ Open Research |
| Online Access: | http://openres.ersjournals.com/content/5/4/00182-2019.full |