Comparative study of the mycorrhizal root transcriptomes of wild and cultivated rice in response to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae
Abstract Background Rice, which serves as a staple food for more than half of the world’s population, is very susceptible to the pathogenic fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. However, common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon), which is the ancestor of Asian cultivated rice (O. sativa), has significant potential a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Rice |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12284-019-0287-9 |
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| author | Lei Tian Chunling Chang Lina Ma Fahad Nasir Jianfeng Zhang Weiqiang Li Lam-Son Phan Tran Chunjie Tian |
| author_facet | Lei Tian Chunling Chang Lina Ma Fahad Nasir Jianfeng Zhang Weiqiang Li Lam-Son Phan Tran Chunjie Tian |
| author_sort | Lei Tian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Rice, which serves as a staple food for more than half of the world’s population, is very susceptible to the pathogenic fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. However, common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon), which is the ancestor of Asian cultivated rice (O. sativa), has significant potential as a genetic source of resistance to M. oryzae. Recent studies have shown that the domestication of rice has altered its relationship to symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizae. A comparative response of wild and domestic rice inhabited by mycorrhizae to infection by M. oryzae has not been documented. Results In the current study, roots of wild and cultivated rice colonized with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (AMF) Rhizoglomus intraradices were used to compare the transcriptomic responses of the two species to infection by M. oryzae. Phenotypic analysis indicated that the colonization of wild and cultivated rice with R. intraradices improved the resistance of both genotypes to M. oryzae. Wild AM rice, however, was more resistant to M. oryzae than the cultivated AM rice, as well as nonmycorrhizal roots of wild rice. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the mechanisms regulating the responses of wild and cultivated AM rice to M. oryzae invasion were significantly different. The expression of a greater number of genes was changed in wild AM rice than in cultivated AM rice in response to the pathogen. Both wild and cultivated AM rice exhibited a shared response to M. oryzae which included genes related to the auxin and salicylic acid pathways; all of these play important roles in pathogenesis-related protein synthesis. In wild AM rice, secondary metabolic and biotic stress-related analyses indicated that the jasmonic acid synthesis-related α-linolenic acid pathway, the phenolic and terpenoid pathways, as well as the phenolic and terpenoid syntheses-related mevalonate (MVA) pathway were more affected by the pathogen. Genes related to these pathways were more significantly enriched in wild AM rice than in cultivated AM rice in response to M. oryzae. On the other hand, genes associated with the ‘brassinosteroid biosynthesis’ were more enriched in cultivated AM rice. Conclusions The AMF R. intraradices-colonized rice plants exhibited greater resistance to M. oryzae than non-AMF-colonized plants. The findings of the current study demonstrate the potential effects of crop domestication on the benefits received by the host via root colonization with AMF(s), and provide new information on the underlying molecular mechanisms. In addition, results of this study can also help develop guidelines for the applications of AMF(s) when planting rice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:05:44Z |
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| id | doaj.art-7fa9cff2c5a44dcfbfb05ca898b73b63 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1939-8425 1939-8433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:05:44Z |
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| series | Rice |
| spelling | doaj.art-7fa9cff2c5a44dcfbfb05ca898b73b632022-12-21T19:57:13ZengSpringerOpenRice1939-84251939-84332019-05-0112111910.1186/s12284-019-0287-9Comparative study of the mycorrhizal root transcriptomes of wild and cultivated rice in response to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzaeLei Tian0Chunling Chang1Lina Ma2Fahad Nasir3Jianfeng Zhang4Weiqiang Li5Lam-Son Phan Tran6Chunjie Tian7Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKey Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesStress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceStress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceKey Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesAbstract Background Rice, which serves as a staple food for more than half of the world’s population, is very susceptible to the pathogenic fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. However, common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon), which is the ancestor of Asian cultivated rice (O. sativa), has significant potential as a genetic source of resistance to M. oryzae. Recent studies have shown that the domestication of rice has altered its relationship to symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizae. A comparative response of wild and domestic rice inhabited by mycorrhizae to infection by M. oryzae has not been documented. Results In the current study, roots of wild and cultivated rice colonized with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (AMF) Rhizoglomus intraradices were used to compare the transcriptomic responses of the two species to infection by M. oryzae. Phenotypic analysis indicated that the colonization of wild and cultivated rice with R. intraradices improved the resistance of both genotypes to M. oryzae. Wild AM rice, however, was more resistant to M. oryzae than the cultivated AM rice, as well as nonmycorrhizal roots of wild rice. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the mechanisms regulating the responses of wild and cultivated AM rice to M. oryzae invasion were significantly different. The expression of a greater number of genes was changed in wild AM rice than in cultivated AM rice in response to the pathogen. Both wild and cultivated AM rice exhibited a shared response to M. oryzae which included genes related to the auxin and salicylic acid pathways; all of these play important roles in pathogenesis-related protein synthesis. In wild AM rice, secondary metabolic and biotic stress-related analyses indicated that the jasmonic acid synthesis-related α-linolenic acid pathway, the phenolic and terpenoid pathways, as well as the phenolic and terpenoid syntheses-related mevalonate (MVA) pathway were more affected by the pathogen. Genes related to these pathways were more significantly enriched in wild AM rice than in cultivated AM rice in response to M. oryzae. On the other hand, genes associated with the ‘brassinosteroid biosynthesis’ were more enriched in cultivated AM rice. Conclusions The AMF R. intraradices-colonized rice plants exhibited greater resistance to M. oryzae than non-AMF-colonized plants. The findings of the current study demonstrate the potential effects of crop domestication on the benefits received by the host via root colonization with AMF(s), and provide new information on the underlying molecular mechanisms. In addition, results of this study can also help develop guidelines for the applications of AMF(s) when planting rice.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12284-019-0287-9Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiCultivated riceMagnaporthe oryzaeTranscriptome analysisWild rice |
| spellingShingle | Lei Tian Chunling Chang Lina Ma Fahad Nasir Jianfeng Zhang Weiqiang Li Lam-Son Phan Tran Chunjie Tian Comparative study of the mycorrhizal root transcriptomes of wild and cultivated rice in response to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae Rice Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Cultivated rice Magnaporthe oryzae Transcriptome analysis Wild rice |
| title | Comparative study of the mycorrhizal root transcriptomes of wild and cultivated rice in response to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae |
| title_full | Comparative study of the mycorrhizal root transcriptomes of wild and cultivated rice in response to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae |
| title_fullStr | Comparative study of the mycorrhizal root transcriptomes of wild and cultivated rice in response to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative study of the mycorrhizal root transcriptomes of wild and cultivated rice in response to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae |
| title_short | Comparative study of the mycorrhizal root transcriptomes of wild and cultivated rice in response to the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae |
| title_sort | comparative study of the mycorrhizal root transcriptomes of wild and cultivated rice in response to the pathogen magnaporthe oryzae |
| topic | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Cultivated rice Magnaporthe oryzae Transcriptome analysis Wild rice |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12284-019-0287-9 |
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