The β3 adrenoceptor in proliferative retinopathies: “Cinderella” steps out of its family shadow
In the retina, hypoxic condition leads to overgrowing leaky vessels resulting in altered metabolic supply that may cause impaired visual function. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a central regulator of the retinal response to hypoxia by activating the transcription of numerous target genes, in...
| Үндсэн зохиолчид: | , , , , |
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| Формат: | Өгүүллэг |
| Хэл сонгох: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-04-01
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| Цуврал: | Pharmacological Research |
| Нөхцлүүд: | |
| Онлайн хандалт: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823000695 |
| _version_ | 1827630375502872576 |
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| author | Maurizio Cammalleri Rosario Amato Massimo Dal Monte Luca Filippi Paola Bagnoli |
| author_facet | Maurizio Cammalleri Rosario Amato Massimo Dal Monte Luca Filippi Paola Bagnoli |
| author_sort | Maurizio Cammalleri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the retina, hypoxic condition leads to overgrowing leaky vessels resulting in altered metabolic supply that may cause impaired visual function. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a central regulator of the retinal response to hypoxia by activating the transcription of numerous target genes, including vascular endothelium growth factor, which acts as a major player in retinal angiogenesis. In the present review, oxygen urge by the retina and its oxygen sensing systems including HIF-1 are discussed in respect to the role of the beta-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) and their pharmacologic manipulation in the vascular response to hypoxia. In the β-AR family, β1- and β2-AR have long been attracting attention because their pharmacology is intensely used for human health, while β3-AR, the third and last cloned receptor is no longer increasingly emerging as an attractive target for drug discovery. Here, β3-AR, a main character in several organs including the heart, the adipose tissue and the urinary bladder, but so far a supporting actor in the retina, has been thoroughly examined in respect to its function in retinal response to hypoxia. In particular, its oxygen dependence has been taken as a key indicator of β3-AR involvement in HIF-1-mediated responses to oxygen. Hence, the possibility of β3-AR transcription by HIF-1 has been discussed from early circumstantial evidence to the recent demonstration that β3-AR acts as a novel HIF-1 target gene by playing like a putative intermediary between oxygen levels and retinal vessel proliferation. Thus, targeting β3-AR may implement the therapeutic armamentarium against neovascular pathologies of the eye. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:05:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-800e08a52f0644f793005cdde2fef478 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1096-1186 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:05:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmacological Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-800e08a52f0644f793005cdde2fef4782023-11-30T05:05:54ZengElsevierPharmacological Research1096-11862023-04-01190106713The β3 adrenoceptor in proliferative retinopathies: “Cinderella” steps out of its family shadowMaurizio Cammalleri0Rosario Amato1Massimo Dal Monte2Luca Filippi3Paola Bagnoli4Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Correspondence to: Department of Biology, University of Pisa, via San Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy.Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Correspondence to: Department of Biology, University of Pisa, via San Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy.In the retina, hypoxic condition leads to overgrowing leaky vessels resulting in altered metabolic supply that may cause impaired visual function. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a central regulator of the retinal response to hypoxia by activating the transcription of numerous target genes, including vascular endothelium growth factor, which acts as a major player in retinal angiogenesis. In the present review, oxygen urge by the retina and its oxygen sensing systems including HIF-1 are discussed in respect to the role of the beta-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) and their pharmacologic manipulation in the vascular response to hypoxia. In the β-AR family, β1- and β2-AR have long been attracting attention because their pharmacology is intensely used for human health, while β3-AR, the third and last cloned receptor is no longer increasingly emerging as an attractive target for drug discovery. Here, β3-AR, a main character in several organs including the heart, the adipose tissue and the urinary bladder, but so far a supporting actor in the retina, has been thoroughly examined in respect to its function in retinal response to hypoxia. In particular, its oxygen dependence has been taken as a key indicator of β3-AR involvement in HIF-1-mediated responses to oxygen. Hence, the possibility of β3-AR transcription by HIF-1 has been discussed from early circumstantial evidence to the recent demonstration that β3-AR acts as a novel HIF-1 target gene by playing like a putative intermediary between oxygen levels and retinal vessel proliferation. Thus, targeting β3-AR may implement the therapeutic armamentarium against neovascular pathologies of the eye.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823000695Oxygen tensionHIF-1/VEGF axisHIF-1 target geneβ-AR pharmacologyDrug targetingOxygen-induced retinopathy |
| spellingShingle | Maurizio Cammalleri Rosario Amato Massimo Dal Monte Luca Filippi Paola Bagnoli The β3 adrenoceptor in proliferative retinopathies: “Cinderella” steps out of its family shadow Pharmacological Research Oxygen tension HIF-1/VEGF axis HIF-1 target gene β-AR pharmacology Drug targeting Oxygen-induced retinopathy |
| title | The β3 adrenoceptor in proliferative retinopathies: “Cinderella” steps out of its family shadow |
| title_full | The β3 adrenoceptor in proliferative retinopathies: “Cinderella” steps out of its family shadow |
| title_fullStr | The β3 adrenoceptor in proliferative retinopathies: “Cinderella” steps out of its family shadow |
| title_full_unstemmed | The β3 adrenoceptor in proliferative retinopathies: “Cinderella” steps out of its family shadow |
| title_short | The β3 adrenoceptor in proliferative retinopathies: “Cinderella” steps out of its family shadow |
| title_sort | β3 adrenoceptor in proliferative retinopathies cinderella steps out of its family shadow |
| topic | Oxygen tension HIF-1/VEGF axis HIF-1 target gene β-AR pharmacology Drug targeting Oxygen-induced retinopathy |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661823000695 |
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