Kidney function and cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale observational and Mendelian randomization study
BackgroundPrior observational studies have found an association between kidney function and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, these studies did not investigate causality. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the causal relationship between kidney function and CVDs.MethodsWe utilized...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190938/full |
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| author | Chang Hu Chang Hu Yiming Li Yiming Li Yaoyao Qian Yaoyao Qian Zhenying Wu Zhenying Wu Bo Hu Bo Hu Zhiyong Peng Zhiyong Peng Zhiyong Peng |
| author_facet | Chang Hu Chang Hu Yiming Li Yiming Li Yaoyao Qian Yaoyao Qian Zhenying Wu Zhenying Wu Bo Hu Bo Hu Zhiyong Peng Zhiyong Peng Zhiyong Peng |
| author_sort | Chang Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundPrior observational studies have found an association between kidney function and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, these studies did not investigate causality. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the causal relationship between kidney function and CVDs.MethodsWe utilized data from the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) from the years 2014-2015 to evaluate the observational association between renal failure (RF) and CVDs. To investigate the causal effects of kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] and chronic kidney disease [CKD]) and CVDs (including atrial fibrillation [AF], coronary artery disease [CAD], heart failure [HF], any stroke [AS], and any ischemic stroke [AIS]), we conducted a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.ResultsIn the observational analysis, a total of 157,883 patients were included. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, there was no significant association between baseline RF and an increased risk of developing CVDs during hospitalization [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.056, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.993 to 1.123, P = 0.083]. Conversely, baseline CVDs was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing RF during hospitalization (adjusted OR: 1.189, 95% CI: 1.139 to 1.240, P < 0.001). In the MR analysis, genetically predicted AF was associated with an increased risk of CKD (OR: 1.050, 95% CI: 1.016 to 1.085, P = 0.004). HF was correlated with lower eGFR (β: -0.056, 95% CI: -0.090 to -0.022, P = 0.001). A genetic susceptibility for AS and AIS was linked to lower eGFR (β: -0.057, 95% CI: -0.079 to -0.036, P < 0.001; β: -0.029, 95% CI: -0.050 to -0.009, P = 0.005; respectively) and a higher risk of CKD (OR: 1.332, 95% CI: 1.162 to 1.528, P < 0.001; OR: 1.197, 95% CI: 1.023 to 1.400, P = 0.025; respectively). Regarding the reverse direction analysis, there was insufficient evidence to prove the causal effects of kidney function on CVDs. Outcomes remained consistent in sensitivity analyses.ConclusionOur study provides evidence for causal effects of CVDs on kidney function. However, the evidence to support the causal effects of kidney function on CVDs is currently insufficient. Further mechanistic studies are required to determine the causality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:15:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-804cc1c355034477ba2e1dcf6800316d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:15:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-804cc1c355034477ba2e1dcf6800316d2023-07-17T07:17:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-07-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11909381190938Kidney function and cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale observational and Mendelian randomization studyChang Hu0Chang Hu1Yiming Li2Yiming Li3Yaoyao Qian4Yaoyao Qian5Zhenying Wu6Zhenying Wu7Bo Hu8Bo Hu9Zhiyong Peng10Zhiyong Peng11Zhiyong Peng12Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaClinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaClinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaClinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaClinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaClinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaClinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Center of Critical Care Nephrology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United StatesBackgroundPrior observational studies have found an association between kidney function and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, these studies did not investigate causality. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the causal relationship between kidney function and CVDs.MethodsWe utilized data from the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) from the years 2014-2015 to evaluate the observational association between renal failure (RF) and CVDs. To investigate the causal effects of kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] and chronic kidney disease [CKD]) and CVDs (including atrial fibrillation [AF], coronary artery disease [CAD], heart failure [HF], any stroke [AS], and any ischemic stroke [AIS]), we conducted a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.ResultsIn the observational analysis, a total of 157,883 patients were included. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, there was no significant association between baseline RF and an increased risk of developing CVDs during hospitalization [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.056, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.993 to 1.123, P = 0.083]. Conversely, baseline CVDs was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing RF during hospitalization (adjusted OR: 1.189, 95% CI: 1.139 to 1.240, P < 0.001). In the MR analysis, genetically predicted AF was associated with an increased risk of CKD (OR: 1.050, 95% CI: 1.016 to 1.085, P = 0.004). HF was correlated with lower eGFR (β: -0.056, 95% CI: -0.090 to -0.022, P = 0.001). A genetic susceptibility for AS and AIS was linked to lower eGFR (β: -0.057, 95% CI: -0.079 to -0.036, P < 0.001; β: -0.029, 95% CI: -0.050 to -0.009, P = 0.005; respectively) and a higher risk of CKD (OR: 1.332, 95% CI: 1.162 to 1.528, P < 0.001; OR: 1.197, 95% CI: 1.023 to 1.400, P = 0.025; respectively). Regarding the reverse direction analysis, there was insufficient evidence to prove the causal effects of kidney function on CVDs. Outcomes remained consistent in sensitivity analyses.ConclusionOur study provides evidence for causal effects of CVDs on kidney function. However, the evidence to support the causal effects of kidney function on CVDs is currently insufficient. Further mechanistic studies are required to determine the causality.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190938/fullMendelian randomizationchronic kidney diseaseestimated glomerular filtration ratecardiovascular diseaseskidney function |
| spellingShingle | Chang Hu Chang Hu Yiming Li Yiming Li Yaoyao Qian Yaoyao Qian Zhenying Wu Zhenying Wu Bo Hu Bo Hu Zhiyong Peng Zhiyong Peng Zhiyong Peng Kidney function and cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale observational and Mendelian randomization study Frontiers in Immunology Mendelian randomization chronic kidney disease estimated glomerular filtration rate cardiovascular diseases kidney function |
| title | Kidney function and cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale observational and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full | Kidney function and cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale observational and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_fullStr | Kidney function and cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale observational and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kidney function and cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale observational and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_short | Kidney function and cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale observational and Mendelian randomization study |
| title_sort | kidney function and cardiovascular diseases a large scale observational and mendelian randomization study |
| topic | Mendelian randomization chronic kidney disease estimated glomerular filtration rate cardiovascular diseases kidney function |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190938/full |
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