Taurine reduces microglia activation in the brain of aged senescence-accelerated mice by increasing the level of TREM2
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, is the leading cause of dementia. Over-activated microglia is related to amyloid-beta (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau (phospho-tau) accumulation in the AD brain. Taurine is an amino acid with multiple physiological functions includ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57973-4 |
| _version_ | 1827301256501133312 |
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| author | Sharif Ahmed Ning Ma Jun Kawanokuchi Keiya Matsuoka Shinji Oikawa Hatasu Kobayashi Yusuke Hiraku Mariko Murata |
| author_facet | Sharif Ahmed Ning Ma Jun Kawanokuchi Keiya Matsuoka Shinji Oikawa Hatasu Kobayashi Yusuke Hiraku Mariko Murata |
| author_sort | Sharif Ahmed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, is the leading cause of dementia. Over-activated microglia is related to amyloid-beta (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau (phospho-tau) accumulation in the AD brain. Taurine is an amino acid with multiple physiological functions including anti-inflammatory effects, and has been reported to be neuroprotective in AD. However, the role of taurine in microglia-mediated AD remains unclear. Here, we examined the effects of taurine on the brains of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice by comparing those administered 1% taurine water with those administered distilled water (DW). We observed increased levels of taurine and taurine transporter (TAUT) in the brains of the taurine-treated mice compared with those of control mice. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses revealed that taurine significantly reduced the number of activated microglia, levels of phospho-tau and Aβ deposit in the hippocampus and cortex. Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) are known to protect against AD pathogenesis. Taurine upregulated TREM2 expression in the hippocampus and cortex. In conclusion, the present study suggests that taurine treatment may upregulate TREM2 to protect against microglia over-activation by decreasing the accumulation of phospho-tau and Aβ; providing an insight into a novel preventive strategy in AD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:19:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8087c29ce2bf472585bc55a34d80bd87 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T16:19:52Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-8087c29ce2bf472585bc55a34d80bd872024-03-31T11:17:07ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-03-0114111010.1038/s41598-024-57973-4Taurine reduces microglia activation in the brain of aged senescence-accelerated mice by increasing the level of TREM2Sharif Ahmed0Ning Ma1Jun Kawanokuchi2Keiya Matsuoka3Shinji Oikawa4Hatasu Kobayashi5Yusuke Hiraku6Mariko Murata7Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineGraduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical ScienceGraduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical ScienceDepartment of Acupuncture and Moxibution Science, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical ScienceDepartment of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Environmental Health, University of Fukui School of Medical SciencesDepartment of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineAbstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a chronic neurodegenerative disorder, is the leading cause of dementia. Over-activated microglia is related to amyloid-beta (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau (phospho-tau) accumulation in the AD brain. Taurine is an amino acid with multiple physiological functions including anti-inflammatory effects, and has been reported to be neuroprotective in AD. However, the role of taurine in microglia-mediated AD remains unclear. Here, we examined the effects of taurine on the brains of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice by comparing those administered 1% taurine water with those administered distilled water (DW). We observed increased levels of taurine and taurine transporter (TAUT) in the brains of the taurine-treated mice compared with those of control mice. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses revealed that taurine significantly reduced the number of activated microglia, levels of phospho-tau and Aβ deposit in the hippocampus and cortex. Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) are known to protect against AD pathogenesis. Taurine upregulated TREM2 expression in the hippocampus and cortex. In conclusion, the present study suggests that taurine treatment may upregulate TREM2 to protect against microglia over-activation by decreasing the accumulation of phospho-tau and Aβ; providing an insight into a novel preventive strategy in AD.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57973-4 |
| spellingShingle | Sharif Ahmed Ning Ma Jun Kawanokuchi Keiya Matsuoka Shinji Oikawa Hatasu Kobayashi Yusuke Hiraku Mariko Murata Taurine reduces microglia activation in the brain of aged senescence-accelerated mice by increasing the level of TREM2 Scientific Reports |
| title | Taurine reduces microglia activation in the brain of aged senescence-accelerated mice by increasing the level of TREM2 |
| title_full | Taurine reduces microglia activation in the brain of aged senescence-accelerated mice by increasing the level of TREM2 |
| title_fullStr | Taurine reduces microglia activation in the brain of aged senescence-accelerated mice by increasing the level of TREM2 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Taurine reduces microglia activation in the brain of aged senescence-accelerated mice by increasing the level of TREM2 |
| title_short | Taurine reduces microglia activation in the brain of aged senescence-accelerated mice by increasing the level of TREM2 |
| title_sort | taurine reduces microglia activation in the brain of aged senescence accelerated mice by increasing the level of trem2 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57973-4 |
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