Hepatic myofibroblasts exert immunosuppressive effects independent of the immune checkpoint regulator PD-L1 in liver metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
IntroductionPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents the 4th most common cause of cancer-related deaths in Western countries. Most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, often already with metastases. The main site of metastasis is the liver and hepatic myofibroblasts (HMF) play a pivo...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-05-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1160824/full |