What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics?
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening genetic disorder that affects the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, CFTR dysfunction results in low intestinal pH, thick and inspissated mucus, a lack of endogenous pancreatic enzymes, and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/3/480 |
| _version_ | 1797485631281037312 |
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| author | Josie M. van Dorst Rachel Y. Tam Chee Y. Ooi |
| author_facet | Josie M. van Dorst Rachel Y. Tam Chee Y. Ooi |
| author_sort | Josie M. van Dorst |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening genetic disorder that affects the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, CFTR dysfunction results in low intestinal pH, thick and inspissated mucus, a lack of endogenous pancreatic enzymes, and reduced motility. These mechanisms, combined with antibiotic therapies, drive GI inflammation and significant alteration of the GI microbiota (dysbiosis). Dysbiosis and inflammation are key factors in systemic inflammation and GI complications including malignancy. The following review examines the potential for probiotic and prebiotic therapies to provide clinical benefits through modulation of the microbiome. Evidence from randomised control trials suggest probiotics are likely to improve GI inflammation and reduce the incidence of CF pulmonary exacerbations. However, the highly variable, low-quality data is a barrier to the implementation of probiotics into routine CF care. Epidemiological studies and clinical trials support the potential of dietary fibre and prebiotic supplements to beneficially modulate the microbiome in gastrointestinal conditions. To date, limited evidence is available on their safety and efficacy in CF. Variable responses to probiotics and prebiotics highlight the need for personalised approaches that consider an individual’s underlying microbiota, diet, and existing medications against the backdrop of the complex nutritional needs in CF. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:22:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-82f8da6031574f99ba55fb3089321d99 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:22:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-82f8da6031574f99ba55fb3089321d992023-11-23T17:24:29ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-01-0114348010.3390/nu14030480What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics?Josie M. van Dorst0Rachel Y. Tam1Chee Y. Ooi2Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney 2031, AustraliaDiscipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney 2031, AustraliaDiscipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Randwick Clinical Campus, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW, Sydney 2031, AustraliaCystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening genetic disorder that affects the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, CFTR dysfunction results in low intestinal pH, thick and inspissated mucus, a lack of endogenous pancreatic enzymes, and reduced motility. These mechanisms, combined with antibiotic therapies, drive GI inflammation and significant alteration of the GI microbiota (dysbiosis). Dysbiosis and inflammation are key factors in systemic inflammation and GI complications including malignancy. The following review examines the potential for probiotic and prebiotic therapies to provide clinical benefits through modulation of the microbiome. Evidence from randomised control trials suggest probiotics are likely to improve GI inflammation and reduce the incidence of CF pulmonary exacerbations. However, the highly variable, low-quality data is a barrier to the implementation of probiotics into routine CF care. Epidemiological studies and clinical trials support the potential of dietary fibre and prebiotic supplements to beneficially modulate the microbiome in gastrointestinal conditions. To date, limited evidence is available on their safety and efficacy in CF. Variable responses to probiotics and prebiotics highlight the need for personalised approaches that consider an individual’s underlying microbiota, diet, and existing medications against the backdrop of the complex nutritional needs in CF.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/3/480cystic fibrosisdysbiosisinflammationnutritionprebioticprobiotic |
| spellingShingle | Josie M. van Dorst Rachel Y. Tam Chee Y. Ooi What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics? Nutrients cystic fibrosis dysbiosis inflammation nutrition prebiotic probiotic |
| title | What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics? |
| title_full | What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics? |
| title_fullStr | What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics? |
| title_full_unstemmed | What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics? |
| title_short | What Do We Know about the Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis? Is There a Role for Probiotics and Prebiotics? |
| title_sort | what do we know about the microbiome in cystic fibrosis is there a role for probiotics and prebiotics |
| topic | cystic fibrosis dysbiosis inflammation nutrition prebiotic probiotic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/3/480 |
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