Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoV
Abstract Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel coronavirus that causes enteric diseases in pigs leading to substantial financial losses within the industry. The absence of commercial vaccines and limited research on PDCoV vaccines presents significant challenges. Therefore, we evaluated the sa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-09-01
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| Series: | BMC Veterinary Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03739-5 |
| _version_ | 1827710487941349376 |
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| author | Bingzhou Huang Yao Huang Lishuang Deng Tong Xu Zhijie Jian Siyuan Lai Yanru Ai Ling Zhu Zhiwen Xu |
| author_facet | Bingzhou Huang Yao Huang Lishuang Deng Tong Xu Zhijie Jian Siyuan Lai Yanru Ai Ling Zhu Zhiwen Xu |
| author_sort | Bingzhou Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel coronavirus that causes enteric diseases in pigs leading to substantial financial losses within the industry. The absence of commercial vaccines and limited research on PDCoV vaccines presents significant challenges. Therefore, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant pseudorabies virus (PRV) rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S through intranasal mucosal immunization in weaned piglets and SPF mice. Results indicated that rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S safely induced PDCoV S-specific and PRV gB-specific antibodies in piglets, with levels increasing 7 days after immunization. Virus challenge tests demonstrated that rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S effectively improved piglet survival rates, reduced virus shedding, and alleviated clinical symptoms and pathological damage. Notably, the recombinant virus reduced anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory responses by regulating IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β secretion after infection. Additionally, rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S colonized target intestinal segments infected with PDCoV, stimulated the secretion of cytokines by MLVS in mice, stimulated sIgA secretion in different intestinal segments of mice, and improved mucosal immune function. HE and AB/PAS staining confirmed a more complete intestinal mucosal barrier and a significant increase in goblet cell numbers after immunization. In conclusion, rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S exhibits good immunogenicity and safety in mice and piglets, making it a promising candidate vaccine for PDCoV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:38:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8629428b7fa14d78af0b787e869a732a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:38:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-8629428b7fa14d78af0b787e869a732a2023-11-20T09:45:35ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482023-09-0119111710.1186/s12917-023-03739-5Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoVBingzhou Huang0Yao Huang1Lishuang Deng2Tong Xu3Zhijie Jian4Siyuan Lai5Yanru Ai6Ling Zhu7Zhiwen Xu8College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAbstract Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel coronavirus that causes enteric diseases in pigs leading to substantial financial losses within the industry. The absence of commercial vaccines and limited research on PDCoV vaccines presents significant challenges. Therefore, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant pseudorabies virus (PRV) rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S through intranasal mucosal immunization in weaned piglets and SPF mice. Results indicated that rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S safely induced PDCoV S-specific and PRV gB-specific antibodies in piglets, with levels increasing 7 days after immunization. Virus challenge tests demonstrated that rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S effectively improved piglet survival rates, reduced virus shedding, and alleviated clinical symptoms and pathological damage. Notably, the recombinant virus reduced anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory responses by regulating IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β secretion after infection. Additionally, rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S colonized target intestinal segments infected with PDCoV, stimulated the secretion of cytokines by MLVS in mice, stimulated sIgA secretion in different intestinal segments of mice, and improved mucosal immune function. HE and AB/PAS staining confirmed a more complete intestinal mucosal barrier and a significant increase in goblet cell numbers after immunization. In conclusion, rPRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S exhibits good immunogenicity and safety in mice and piglets, making it a promising candidate vaccine for PDCoV.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03739-5PRVPDCoVSpike proteinRecombinant vaccineIntestinal mucosal immunity |
| spellingShingle | Bingzhou Huang Yao Huang Lishuang Deng Tong Xu Zhijie Jian Siyuan Lai Yanru Ai Ling Zhu Zhiwen Xu Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoV BMC Veterinary Research PRV PDCoV Spike protein Recombinant vaccine Intestinal mucosal immunity |
| title | Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoV |
| title_full | Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoV |
| title_fullStr | Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoV |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoV |
| title_short | Intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine PRVXJ-delgE/gI/TK-S induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against PDCoV |
| title_sort | intranasal administration with recombinant vaccine prvxj delge gi tk s induces strong intestinal mucosal immune responses against pdcov |
| topic | PRV PDCoV Spike protein Recombinant vaccine Intestinal mucosal immunity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03739-5 |
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