Elevated Winter Stream Temperatures below Wastewater Treatment Plants Shift Reproductive Development of Female Johnny Darter <i>Etheostoma nigrum</i>: A Field and Histologic Approach

River water temperatures are increasing globally, particularly in urban systems. In winter, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent inputs are of particular concern because they increase water temperatures from near freezing to ~7–15 °C. Recent laboratory studies suggest that warm overwinter temp...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Catherine M. Adams, Dana L. Winkelman, Paula A. Schaffer, Daniel L. Villeneuve, Jenna E. Cavallin, Michael Ellman, Kelvin Santana Rodriguez, Ryan M. Fitzpatrick
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-11-01
Series:Fishes
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/6/361