Road tunnel-derived coarse, fine and ultrafine particulate matter: physical and chemical characterization and pro-inflammatory responses in human bronchial epithelial cells
Abstract Background Traffic particulate matter (PM) comprises a mixture of particles from fuel combustion and wear of road pavement, tires and brakes. In countries with low winter temperatures the relative contribution of mineral-rich PM from road abrasion may be especially high due to use of studde...
Main Authors: | Tonje Skuland, Vegard Sæter Grytting, Marit Låg, Rikke Bræmming Jørgensen, Brynhild Snilsberg, Daan L. A. C. Leseman, Alena Kubátová, Jessica Emond, Flemming R. Cassee, Jørn A. Holme, Johan Øvrevik, Magne Refsnes |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2022-07-01
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Series: | Particle and Fibre Toxicology |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12989-022-00488-5 |
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