Narrative review of the influence of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia on colorectal cancer risk and oncological outcomes
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperglycemia have been shown to have significant effects on the incidence, chemoresistance, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as the outcomes of localized and metastatic CRC. Inflammation and endocrine effects may act as central mechanisms of DM and cancer...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2021-07-01
|
| Series: | Translational Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936523321000814 |
| _version_ | 1818944007343964160 |
|---|---|
| author | Hsiu-Chung Cheng Tsung-Kun Chang Wei-Chih Su Hsiang-Lin Tsai Jaw-Yuan Wang |
| author_facet | Hsiu-Chung Cheng Tsung-Kun Chang Wei-Chih Su Hsiang-Lin Tsai Jaw-Yuan Wang |
| author_sort | Hsiu-Chung Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperglycemia have been shown to have significant effects on the incidence, chemoresistance, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as the outcomes of localized and metastatic CRC. Inflammation and endocrine effects may act as central mechanisms of DM and cancer and stimulate the insulin‐like growth factor 1–phosphoinositide 3-kinase–Akt–mammalian target of rapamycin (IGF-1–PI3K–AKT–mTOR) pathway. Dysregulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway leads to metabolic imbalance and indicates cancer risk. The use of metformin for chemoprevention has been shown to reduce CRC and adenoma incidence through the upregulation of AMPK, which causes cell cycle arrest in the Gap 1–S (G1–S) phase and inhibits the mTOR pathway, even potentially reversing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. However, evidence of the effects of metformin remain controversial in cancer prognosis. Several genes, such as transcription factor 7-like 2(TCF7L2), tumor protein P53 inducible nuclear protein 1(TP53INP1), gremlin 1 (GREM1), and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1(KCNQ1), are pleiotropically related to DM as well as cancer risk and prognosis. Epigenetic modification of members of the Let-7 family such as miR-497, miR-486, and miR-223 is strongly associated with impaired glucose tolerance and CRC risk. Herein we review the pathophysiological and epidemiological evidence as well as potential underlying molecular mechanisms by which DM and hyperglycemia affect CRC risk. We also suggest potential roles of glucose modulation in CRC therapy and propose an agenda for future research and clinical practice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:36:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-88e236b774d041baa26d645a17fe19a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1936-5233 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:36:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Translational Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-88e236b774d041baa26d645a17fe19a02022-12-21T19:48:17ZengElsevierTranslational Oncology1936-52332021-07-01147101089Narrative review of the influence of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia on colorectal cancer risk and oncological outcomesHsiu-Chung Cheng0Tsung-Kun Chang1Wei-Chih Su2Hsiang-Lin Tsai3Jaw-Yuan Wang4School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, TaiwanDivision of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDivision of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDivision of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, TaiwanDivision of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Taiwan; Corresponding author at: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperglycemia have been shown to have significant effects on the incidence, chemoresistance, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as the outcomes of localized and metastatic CRC. Inflammation and endocrine effects may act as central mechanisms of DM and cancer and stimulate the insulin‐like growth factor 1–phosphoinositide 3-kinase–Akt–mammalian target of rapamycin (IGF-1–PI3K–AKT–mTOR) pathway. Dysregulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway leads to metabolic imbalance and indicates cancer risk. The use of metformin for chemoprevention has been shown to reduce CRC and adenoma incidence through the upregulation of AMPK, which causes cell cycle arrest in the Gap 1–S (G1–S) phase and inhibits the mTOR pathway, even potentially reversing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. However, evidence of the effects of metformin remain controversial in cancer prognosis. Several genes, such as transcription factor 7-like 2(TCF7L2), tumor protein P53 inducible nuclear protein 1(TP53INP1), gremlin 1 (GREM1), and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1(KCNQ1), are pleiotropically related to DM as well as cancer risk and prognosis. Epigenetic modification of members of the Let-7 family such as miR-497, miR-486, and miR-223 is strongly associated with impaired glucose tolerance and CRC risk. Herein we review the pathophysiological and epidemiological evidence as well as potential underlying molecular mechanisms by which DM and hyperglycemia affect CRC risk. We also suggest potential roles of glucose modulation in CRC therapy and propose an agenda for future research and clinical practice.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936523321000814Diabetes mellitusHyperglycemiaColorectal cancerCancer riskOncological outcome |
| spellingShingle | Hsiu-Chung Cheng Tsung-Kun Chang Wei-Chih Su Hsiang-Lin Tsai Jaw-Yuan Wang Narrative review of the influence of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia on colorectal cancer risk and oncological outcomes Translational Oncology Diabetes mellitus Hyperglycemia Colorectal cancer Cancer risk Oncological outcome |
| title | Narrative review of the influence of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia on colorectal cancer risk and oncological outcomes |
| title_full | Narrative review of the influence of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia on colorectal cancer risk and oncological outcomes |
| title_fullStr | Narrative review of the influence of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia on colorectal cancer risk and oncological outcomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Narrative review of the influence of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia on colorectal cancer risk and oncological outcomes |
| title_short | Narrative review of the influence of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia on colorectal cancer risk and oncological outcomes |
| title_sort | narrative review of the influence of diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia on colorectal cancer risk and oncological outcomes |
| topic | Diabetes mellitus Hyperglycemia Colorectal cancer Cancer risk Oncological outcome |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1936523321000814 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hsiuchungcheng narrativereviewoftheinfluenceofdiabetesmellitusandhyperglycemiaoncolorectalcancerriskandoncologicaloutcomes AT tsungkunchang narrativereviewoftheinfluenceofdiabetesmellitusandhyperglycemiaoncolorectalcancerriskandoncologicaloutcomes AT weichihsu narrativereviewoftheinfluenceofdiabetesmellitusandhyperglycemiaoncolorectalcancerriskandoncologicaloutcomes AT hsianglintsai narrativereviewoftheinfluenceofdiabetesmellitusandhyperglycemiaoncolorectalcancerriskandoncologicaloutcomes AT jawyuanwang narrativereviewoftheinfluenceofdiabetesmellitusandhyperglycemiaoncolorectalcancerriskandoncologicaloutcomes |