Clark's nutcracker forest community visitation: Whitebark pine maintains a keystone seed disperser

Clark's nutcracker forest community visitation: Whitebark pine maintains a keystone seed disperser

Abstract Clark's nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana) are obligate seed dispersers for whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), but they frequently use other conifer seed resources because of annual variability in cone production or geographic variation in whitebark pine availability. Whitebark pine is...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Thomas H. McLaren, Diana F. Tomback, Nels Grevstad, Michael B. Wunder, Walter Wehtje, Lauren E. Walker, Douglas W. Smith
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2023-12-01
Series:Ecology and Evolution
Subjects:
Clark's nutcracker
cone production
forest communities
hierarchical distance sampling model
seed caching whitebark pine
white pine blister rust
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10813

Internet

https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10813

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