Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fentanyl in the Koala (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>) after Intravenous Administration, and Absorption via a Transdermal Patch
Fentanyl was administered as a single intravenous bolus injection at 5 µg/kg to five koalas and fentanyl plasma concentrations for a minimum of 2 h were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The median (range) fentanyl elimination half-life and clearance were 0.53 (0.38–0.91) h...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/12/3550 |
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| author | Fumie Tokonami Benjamin Kimble Merran Govendir |
| author_facet | Fumie Tokonami Benjamin Kimble Merran Govendir |
| author_sort | Fumie Tokonami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fentanyl was administered as a single intravenous bolus injection at 5 µg/kg to five koalas and fentanyl plasma concentrations for a minimum of 2 h were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The median (range) fentanyl elimination half-life and clearance were 0.53 (0.38–0.91) h, and 10.01 (7.03–11.69) L/kg/h, respectively. Assuming an analgesic therapeutic plasma concentration of 0.23 ng/mL (extrapolated from human studies), an intravenous constant infusion rate was estimated at approximately between 1.7 to 2.7 µg/kg/h (using the clearance 95% confidence intervals). A transdermal fentanyl patch was applied to the antebrachium of an additional two koalas for 72 h. Fentanyl plasma concentrations were determined during the patch application and after patch removal at 80 h. The fentanyl plasma concentration was greater than 0.23 ng/mL after 12 to 16 h. While the patch was applied, the maximum fentanyl concentration was approximately 0.7 ng/mL from 32 to 72 h. Fentanyl plasma concentrations increased to 0.89 ng/mL 1 h after the patch was removed, and then decreased to a mean of 0.47 ng/mL at 80 h. The transdermal fentanyl patch is likely to provide some level of analgesia but should be initially co-administered with another faster acting analgesic for the first 12 h. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:39:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-89d5387fd8b7418797d10755b956d3ad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:39:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-89d5387fd8b7418797d10755b956d3ad2023-11-23T03:28:42ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-12-011112355010.3390/ani11123550Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fentanyl in the Koala (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>) after Intravenous Administration, and Absorption via a Transdermal PatchFumie Tokonami0Benjamin Kimble1Merran Govendir2Currumbin Wildlife Hospital, Currumbin, Gold Coast 4223, AustraliaSydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney 2006, AustraliaSydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney 2006, AustraliaFentanyl was administered as a single intravenous bolus injection at 5 µg/kg to five koalas and fentanyl plasma concentrations for a minimum of 2 h were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The median (range) fentanyl elimination half-life and clearance were 0.53 (0.38–0.91) h, and 10.01 (7.03–11.69) L/kg/h, respectively. Assuming an analgesic therapeutic plasma concentration of 0.23 ng/mL (extrapolated from human studies), an intravenous constant infusion rate was estimated at approximately between 1.7 to 2.7 µg/kg/h (using the clearance 95% confidence intervals). A transdermal fentanyl patch was applied to the antebrachium of an additional two koalas for 72 h. Fentanyl plasma concentrations were determined during the patch application and after patch removal at 80 h. The fentanyl plasma concentration was greater than 0.23 ng/mL after 12 to 16 h. While the patch was applied, the maximum fentanyl concentration was approximately 0.7 ng/mL from 32 to 72 h. Fentanyl plasma concentrations increased to 0.89 ng/mL 1 h after the patch was removed, and then decreased to a mean of 0.47 ng/mL at 80 h. The transdermal fentanyl patch is likely to provide some level of analgesia but should be initially co-administered with another faster acting analgesic for the first 12 h.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/12/3550fentanylkoala<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>transdermal patchanalgesiaopioid |
| spellingShingle | Fumie Tokonami Benjamin Kimble Merran Govendir Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fentanyl in the Koala (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>) after Intravenous Administration, and Absorption via a Transdermal Patch Animals fentanyl koala <i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i> transdermal patch analgesia opioid |
| title | Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fentanyl in the Koala (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>) after Intravenous Administration, and Absorption via a Transdermal Patch |
| title_full | Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fentanyl in the Koala (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>) after Intravenous Administration, and Absorption via a Transdermal Patch |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fentanyl in the Koala (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>) after Intravenous Administration, and Absorption via a Transdermal Patch |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fentanyl in the Koala (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>) after Intravenous Administration, and Absorption via a Transdermal Patch |
| title_short | Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fentanyl in the Koala (<i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i>) after Intravenous Administration, and Absorption via a Transdermal Patch |
| title_sort | pharmacokinetic profile of fentanyl in the koala i phascolarctos cinereus i after intravenous administration and absorption via a transdermal patch |
| topic | fentanyl koala <i>Phascolarctos cinereus</i> transdermal patch analgesia opioid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/12/3550 |
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