Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>
All organisms, from bacteria to mammals, sense and respond to foreign nucleic acids to fight infections in order to survive and preserve genome integrity across generations. The innate immune system is an evolutionarily conserved defence strategy. Complex organisms have developed various cellular pr...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| author | Marcello Germoglio Adele Adamo Guido Incerti Fabrizio Cartenì Silvia Gigliotti Aurora Storlazzi Stefano Mazzoleni |
| author_facet | Marcello Germoglio Adele Adamo Guido Incerti Fabrizio Cartenì Silvia Gigliotti Aurora Storlazzi Stefano Mazzoleni |
| author_sort | Marcello Germoglio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | All organisms, from bacteria to mammals, sense and respond to foreign nucleic acids to fight infections in order to survive and preserve genome integrity across generations. The innate immune system is an evolutionarily conserved defence strategy. Complex organisms have developed various cellular processes to respond to and recognise not only infections, i.e., pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), but also to sense injury and tissue dysfunctions, i.e., damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Mis-localized self-DNA can be sensed as DAMP by specific DNA-sensing pathways, and self-DNA chronic exposure can be detrimental to the organisms. Here, we investigate the effects of dietary delivered self-DNA in the nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. The hermaphrodite worms were fed on <i>Escherichia coli</i> genomic libraries: a <i>C. elegans</i> library (self) and a legume (<i>Medicago truncatula</i>) library (non-self). We show that the self-library diet affects embryogenesis, larval development and gametogenesis. DNA damage and activation of p53/CEP-1-dependent apoptosis occur in gonadal germ cells. Studies of self-DNA exposure in this model organism were not pursued up to now. The genetic tractability of <i>C. elegans</i> will help to identify the basic molecular pathways involved in such mechanisms. The specificity of the adverse effects associated with a self-DNA enriched diet suggests applications in biological pest control approaches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:34:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8bed91b603d34179b8e72c1a79f23acf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:34:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8bed91b603d34179b8e72c1a79f23acf2023-11-23T18:50:32ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-02-0111226210.3390/biology11020262Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>Marcello Germoglio0Adele Adamo1Guido Incerti2Fabrizio Cartenì3Silvia Gigliotti4Aurora Storlazzi5Stefano Mazzoleni6Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, ItalyInstitute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Agri-Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences (DI4A), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, ItalyInstitute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, ItalyInstitute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, ItalyAll organisms, from bacteria to mammals, sense and respond to foreign nucleic acids to fight infections in order to survive and preserve genome integrity across generations. The innate immune system is an evolutionarily conserved defence strategy. Complex organisms have developed various cellular processes to respond to and recognise not only infections, i.e., pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), but also to sense injury and tissue dysfunctions, i.e., damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Mis-localized self-DNA can be sensed as DAMP by specific DNA-sensing pathways, and self-DNA chronic exposure can be detrimental to the organisms. Here, we investigate the effects of dietary delivered self-DNA in the nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. The hermaphrodite worms were fed on <i>Escherichia coli</i> genomic libraries: a <i>C. elegans</i> library (self) and a legume (<i>Medicago truncatula</i>) library (non-self). We show that the self-library diet affects embryogenesis, larval development and gametogenesis. DNA damage and activation of p53/CEP-1-dependent apoptosis occur in gonadal germ cells. Studies of self-DNA exposure in this model organism were not pursued up to now. The genetic tractability of <i>C. elegans</i> will help to identify the basic molecular pathways involved in such mechanisms. The specificity of the adverse effects associated with a self-DNA enriched diet suggests applications in biological pest control approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/262<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>self-DNAgermlineapoptosisnematode |
| spellingShingle | Marcello Germoglio Adele Adamo Guido Incerti Fabrizio Cartenì Silvia Gigliotti Aurora Storlazzi Stefano Mazzoleni Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Biology <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> self-DNA germline apoptosis nematode |
| title | Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> |
| title_full | Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> |
| title_fullStr | Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> |
| title_short | Self-DNA Exposure Induces Developmental Defects and Germline DNA Damage Response in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> |
| title_sort | self dna exposure induces developmental defects and germline dna damage response in i caenorhabditis elegans i |
| topic | <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> self-DNA germline apoptosis nematode |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/2/262 |
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