Proximal Policy Optimization Based Intelligent Energy Management for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Bus Considering Battery Thermal Characteristic
As the performances of energy management strategy (EMS) are essential for a plug-in hybrid electric bus (PHEB) to operate in an efficient way. The proximal policy optimization (PPO) based multi-objective EMS considering the battery thermal characteristic is proposed for PHEB, aiming to improve vehic...
Main Authors: | , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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Series: | World Electric Vehicle Journal |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2032-6653/14/2/47 |