| Summary: | Hmong students face challenges in their educational pathways and academic performance. Researchers have offered multiple explanations for these challenges; however, a positive perspective is available: social and emotional learning and developmental skills and supports.
Over 8000 Minnesota Hmong students reported exceptionally high levels of developmental measures in Commitment to Learning, Positive Identity, and Social Competence. In addition, although they report relatively positive Family/Community Support, it is significantly less than
the levels of support reported by non-Hmong students. These developmental skills and supports are associated with school grades and interact in informative ways with other student characteristics.
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