Separation and Recycling Potential of Rare Earth Elements from Energy Systems: Feed and Economic Viability Review

This review explores the potential of separating and recycling rare earth elements (REEs) from different energy conversion systems, such as wind turbines, electric vehicles batteries, or lighting devices. The REEs include 17 elements (with global production of 242 kilometric tons in 2020) that can b...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ajay B. Patil, Viktoria Paetzel, Rudolf P. W. J. Struis, Christian Ludwig
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-02-01
Series:Separations
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/3/56