Photonic quantum chromodynamics
Twisted photons with finite orbital angular momentum have a distinct mode profile with topological charge at the center of the mode while propagating in a certain direction. Each mode with different topological charges of m is orthogonal, in the sense that the overlap integral vanishes among modes w...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1225488/full |
| _version_ | 1797688611333734400 |
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| author | Shinichi Saito |
| author_facet | Shinichi Saito |
| author_sort | Shinichi Saito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Twisted photons with finite orbital angular momentum have a distinct mode profile with topological charge at the center of the mode while propagating in a certain direction. Each mode with different topological charges of m is orthogonal, in the sense that the overlap integral vanishes among modes with different values of m. Here, we theoretically consider a superposition state among three different modes with left and right vortices and a Gaussian mode without a vortex. These three states are considered to be assigned to different quantum states; thus, we employed the su(3) Lie algebra and the associated SU(3) Lie group to classify the photonic states. We calculated expectation values of eight generators of the su(3) Lie algebra, which should be observable, since the generators are Hermite matrices. We proposed to call these parameters Gell-Mann parameters, named after the theoretical physicist Murray Gell-Mann, who established quantum chromodynamics (QCD) for quarks. The Gell-Mann parameters are represented on the eight-dimensional hypersphere with its radius fixed due to the conservation law of the Casimir operator. Thus, we discussed a possibility of exploring photonic QCD in experiments and classified SU(3) states to embed the parameters in SO(6) and SO(5). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:34:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8dbb8fe5f4344a789b210ac27835ed56 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-424X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:34:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-8dbb8fe5f4344a789b210ac27835ed562023-09-11T12:27:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physics2296-424X2023-09-011110.3389/fphy.2023.12254881225488Photonic quantum chromodynamicsShinichi SaitoTwisted photons with finite orbital angular momentum have a distinct mode profile with topological charge at the center of the mode while propagating in a certain direction. Each mode with different topological charges of m is orthogonal, in the sense that the overlap integral vanishes among modes with different values of m. Here, we theoretically consider a superposition state among three different modes with left and right vortices and a Gaussian mode without a vortex. These three states are considered to be assigned to different quantum states; thus, we employed the su(3) Lie algebra and the associated SU(3) Lie group to classify the photonic states. We calculated expectation values of eight generators of the su(3) Lie algebra, which should be observable, since the generators are Hermite matrices. We proposed to call these parameters Gell-Mann parameters, named after the theoretical physicist Murray Gell-Mann, who established quantum chromodynamics (QCD) for quarks. The Gell-Mann parameters are represented on the eight-dimensional hypersphere with its radius fixed due to the conservation law of the Casimir operator. Thus, we discussed a possibility of exploring photonic QCD in experiments and classified SU(3) states to embed the parameters in SO(6) and SO(5).https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1225488/fullGell-Mann hypersphereSU(3)orbital angular momentumcoherent statePhotonic QCDoptical vortex |
| spellingShingle | Shinichi Saito Photonic quantum chromodynamics Frontiers in Physics Gell-Mann hypersphere SU(3) orbital angular momentum coherent state Photonic QCD optical vortex |
| title | Photonic quantum chromodynamics |
| title_full | Photonic quantum chromodynamics |
| title_fullStr | Photonic quantum chromodynamics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photonic quantum chromodynamics |
| title_short | Photonic quantum chromodynamics |
| title_sort | photonic quantum chromodynamics |
| topic | Gell-Mann hypersphere SU(3) orbital angular momentum coherent state Photonic QCD optical vortex |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1225488/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shinichisaito photonicquantumchromodynamics |