The role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets
Abstract Inflammasomes are large protein complexes that play a major role in sensing inflammatory signals and triggering the innate immune response. Each inflammasome complex has three major components: an upstream sensor molecule that is connected to a downstream effector protein such as caspase-1...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Publishing Group
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-023-01687-y |
| _version_ | 1797362858314432512 |
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| author | Jing Yao Keenan Sterling Zhe Wang Yun Zhang Weihong Song |
| author_facet | Jing Yao Keenan Sterling Zhe Wang Yun Zhang Weihong Song |
| author_sort | Jing Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Inflammasomes are large protein complexes that play a major role in sensing inflammatory signals and triggering the innate immune response. Each inflammasome complex has three major components: an upstream sensor molecule that is connected to a downstream effector protein such as caspase-1 through the adapter protein ASC. Inflammasome formation typically occurs in response to infectious agents or cellular damage. The active inflammasome then triggers caspase-1 activation, followed by the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pyroptotic cell death. Aberrant inflammasome activation and activity contribute to the development of diabetes, cancer, and several cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. As a result, recent research has increasingly focused on investigating the mechanisms that regulate inflammasome assembly and activation, as well as the potential of targeting inflammasomes to treat various diseases. Multiple clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the therapeutic potential of several distinct inflammasome-targeting therapies. Therefore, understanding how different inflammasomes contribute to disease pathology may have significant implications for developing novel therapeutic strategies. In this article, we provide a summary of the biological and pathological roles of inflammasomes in health and disease. We also highlight key evidence that suggests targeting inflammasomes could be a novel strategy for developing new disease-modifying therapies that may be effective in several conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:12:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8edf1340ca0c4a9ca9499044bab4c2fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2059-3635 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:12:28Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-8edf1340ca0c4a9ca9499044bab4c2fb2024-01-07T12:49:12ZengNature Publishing GroupSignal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2059-36352024-01-019113010.1038/s41392-023-01687-yThe role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targetsJing Yao0Keenan Sterling1Zhe Wang2Yun Zhang3Weihong Song4The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityTownsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, Brain Research Center, The University of British ColumbiaThe National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityThe National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityThe National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityAbstract Inflammasomes are large protein complexes that play a major role in sensing inflammatory signals and triggering the innate immune response. Each inflammasome complex has three major components: an upstream sensor molecule that is connected to a downstream effector protein such as caspase-1 through the adapter protein ASC. Inflammasome formation typically occurs in response to infectious agents or cellular damage. The active inflammasome then triggers caspase-1 activation, followed by the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pyroptotic cell death. Aberrant inflammasome activation and activity contribute to the development of diabetes, cancer, and several cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. As a result, recent research has increasingly focused on investigating the mechanisms that regulate inflammasome assembly and activation, as well as the potential of targeting inflammasomes to treat various diseases. Multiple clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the therapeutic potential of several distinct inflammasome-targeting therapies. Therefore, understanding how different inflammasomes contribute to disease pathology may have significant implications for developing novel therapeutic strategies. In this article, we provide a summary of the biological and pathological roles of inflammasomes in health and disease. We also highlight key evidence that suggests targeting inflammasomes could be a novel strategy for developing new disease-modifying therapies that may be effective in several conditions.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-023-01687-y |
| spellingShingle | Jing Yao Keenan Sterling Zhe Wang Yun Zhang Weihong Song The role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy |
| title | The role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets |
| title_full | The role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets |
| title_fullStr | The role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets |
| title_short | The role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets |
| title_sort | role of inflammasomes in human diseases and their potential as therapeutic targets |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-023-01687-y |
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