Indoxyl-Sulfate-Induced Redox Imbalance in Chronic Kidney Disease

The accumulation of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS) induces target organ damage in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, and causes complications including cardiovascular diseases, renal osteodystrophy, muscle wasting, and anemia. IS stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in CKD,...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chien-Lin Lu, Cai-Mei Zheng, Kuo-Cheng Lu, Min-Tser Liao, Kun-Lin Wu, Ming-Chieh Ma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-06-01
Series:Antioxidants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/6/936