Changes in color and iron ions of commercial iron gall inks after artificial aging
Abstract Iron gall inks consist of vitriols (sulphates of certain metals), gall nut extracts; and gum Arabic: after exposure to oxygen, dark-colored compounds of the inks are formed. As the complexity of the composition of iron gall inks renders documents susceptible to environmental influences, thi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Heritage Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-023-00943-2 |