Emergent second law for non-equilibrium steady states

Contrary to states of thermal equilibrium, there is no universal characterization of non-equilibrium steady states displaying constant flows of energy and/or matter. Here, the authors make progress in this direction by deriving an emergent and stricter version of the second law of thermodynamics.

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: José Nahuel Freitas, Massimiliano Esposito
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2022-08-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32700-7