Impact of tramadol and heroin abuse on electroencephalography structure and cognitive functions
Abstract Background Opioids, defined as medicines that stimulate opioid receptors, are primarily used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain. They induce central nervous system (CNS) adverse effects. This study aimed to assess the effect of opioids on brain electrical activity, the effect of op...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
SpringerOpen
2023-11-01
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Series: | Middle East Current Psychiatry |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-023-00365-7 |