Exploring the Use of Fruit Callus Culture as a Model System to Study Color Development and Cell Wall Remodeling during Strawberry Fruit Ripening
Cell cultures derived from strawberry fruit at different developmental stages have been obtained to evaluate their potential use to study different aspects of strawberry ripening. Callus from leaf and cortical tissue of unripe-green, white, and mature-red strawberry fruits were induced in a medium s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-06-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/7/805 |
| _version_ | 1797564023710941184 |
|---|---|
| author | Pablo Ric-Varas Marta Barceló Juan A. Rivera Sergio Cerezo Antonio J. Matas Julia Schückel J. Paul Knox Sara Posé Fernando Pliego-Alfaro José A. Mercado |
| author_facet | Pablo Ric-Varas Marta Barceló Juan A. Rivera Sergio Cerezo Antonio J. Matas Julia Schückel J. Paul Knox Sara Posé Fernando Pliego-Alfaro José A. Mercado |
| author_sort | Pablo Ric-Varas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cell cultures derived from strawberry fruit at different developmental stages have been obtained to evaluate their potential use to study different aspects of strawberry ripening. Callus from leaf and cortical tissue of unripe-green, white, and mature-red strawberry fruits were induced in a medium supplemented with 11.3 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) under darkness. The transfer of the established callus from darkness to light induced the production of anthocyanin. The replacement of 2,4-D by abscisic acid (ABA) noticeably increased anthocyanin accumulation in green-fruit callus. Cell walls were isolated from the different fruit cell lines and from fruit receptacles at equivalent developmental stages and sequentially fractionated to obtain fractions enriched in soluble pectins, ester bound pectins, xyloglucans (XG), and matrix glycans tightly associated with cellulose microfibrils. These fractions were analyzed by cell wall carbohydrate microarrays. In fruit receptacle samples, pectins were abundant in all fractions, including those enriched in matrix glycans. The amount of pectin increased from green to white stage, and later these carbohydrates were solubilized in red fruit. Apparently, XG content was similar in white and red fruit, but the proportion of galactosylated XG increased in red fruit. Cell wall fractions from callus cultures were enriched in extensin and displayed a minor amount of pectins. Stronger signals of extensin Abs were detected in sodium carbonate fraction, suggesting that these proteins could be linked to pectins. Overall, the results obtained suggest that fruit cell lines could be used to analyze hormonal regulation of color development in strawberry but that the cell wall remodeling process associated with fruit softening might be masked by the high presence of extensin in callus cultures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:51:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92689f67f00a4892b74f0ef067c15d22 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:51:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-92689f67f00a4892b74f0ef067c15d222023-11-20T05:07:15ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-06-019780510.3390/plants9070805Exploring the Use of Fruit Callus Culture as a Model System to Study Color Development and Cell Wall Remodeling during Strawberry Fruit RipeningPablo Ric-Varas0Marta Barceló1Juan A. Rivera2Sergio Cerezo3Antonio J. Matas4Julia Schückel5J. Paul Knox6Sara Posé7Fernando Pliego-Alfaro8José A. Mercado9Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, SpainIFAPA Centro de Málaga, Cortijo de la Cruz s/n, 29140 Málaga, SpainInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, SpainInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, SpainInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, SpainDepartment of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, DenmarkCentre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UKInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, SpainInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, SpainInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, SpainCell cultures derived from strawberry fruit at different developmental stages have been obtained to evaluate their potential use to study different aspects of strawberry ripening. Callus from leaf and cortical tissue of unripe-green, white, and mature-red strawberry fruits were induced in a medium supplemented with 11.3 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) under darkness. The transfer of the established callus from darkness to light induced the production of anthocyanin. The replacement of 2,4-D by abscisic acid (ABA) noticeably increased anthocyanin accumulation in green-fruit callus. Cell walls were isolated from the different fruit cell lines and from fruit receptacles at equivalent developmental stages and sequentially fractionated to obtain fractions enriched in soluble pectins, ester bound pectins, xyloglucans (XG), and matrix glycans tightly associated with cellulose microfibrils. These fractions were analyzed by cell wall carbohydrate microarrays. In fruit receptacle samples, pectins were abundant in all fractions, including those enriched in matrix glycans. The amount of pectin increased from green to white stage, and later these carbohydrates were solubilized in red fruit. Apparently, XG content was similar in white and red fruit, but the proportion of galactosylated XG increased in red fruit. Cell wall fractions from callus cultures were enriched in extensin and displayed a minor amount of pectins. Stronger signals of extensin Abs were detected in sodium carbonate fraction, suggesting that these proteins could be linked to pectins. Overall, the results obtained suggest that fruit cell lines could be used to analyze hormonal regulation of color development in strawberry but that the cell wall remodeling process associated with fruit softening might be masked by the high presence of extensin in callus cultures.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/7/805carbohydrate microarraycallus culturecell culturecell wallextensinfruit ripening |
| spellingShingle | Pablo Ric-Varas Marta Barceló Juan A. Rivera Sergio Cerezo Antonio J. Matas Julia Schückel J. Paul Knox Sara Posé Fernando Pliego-Alfaro José A. Mercado Exploring the Use of Fruit Callus Culture as a Model System to Study Color Development and Cell Wall Remodeling during Strawberry Fruit Ripening Plants carbohydrate microarray callus culture cell culture cell wall extensin fruit ripening |
| title | Exploring the Use of Fruit Callus Culture as a Model System to Study Color Development and Cell Wall Remodeling during Strawberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_full | Exploring the Use of Fruit Callus Culture as a Model System to Study Color Development and Cell Wall Remodeling during Strawberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the Use of Fruit Callus Culture as a Model System to Study Color Development and Cell Wall Remodeling during Strawberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the Use of Fruit Callus Culture as a Model System to Study Color Development and Cell Wall Remodeling during Strawberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_short | Exploring the Use of Fruit Callus Culture as a Model System to Study Color Development and Cell Wall Remodeling during Strawberry Fruit Ripening |
| title_sort | exploring the use of fruit callus culture as a model system to study color development and cell wall remodeling during strawberry fruit ripening |
| topic | carbohydrate microarray callus culture cell culture cell wall extensin fruit ripening |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/7/805 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pabloricvaras exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening AT martabarcelo exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening AT juanarivera exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening AT sergiocerezo exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening AT antoniojmatas exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening AT juliaschuckel exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening AT jpaulknox exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening AT sarapose exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening AT fernandopliegoalfaro exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening AT joseamercado exploringtheuseoffruitcalluscultureasamodelsystemtostudycolordevelopmentandcellwallremodelingduringstrawberryfruitripening |