Comparative efficacy of non-electric cooling techniques to reduce nutrient solution temperature for the sustainable cultivation of summer vegetables in open-air hydroponics

The cultivation of summer vegetables in open-air nutrient film technique (NFT) hydroponics is limited due to the elevated nutrient solution temperature (NST). In this regard, non-electric evaporative-cooling techniques were explored to maintain NST in open-air NFT hydroponics. Four cooling setups we...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muhammad Mohsin Nisar, Rashid Mahmood, Salman Tayyab, Moazzam Anees, Faisal Nadeem, Sadia Bibi, Faiza Waseem, Nazir Ahmed, Jing Li, Zhao Song
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Plant Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1340641/full