Anti-Atherosclerotic Activity of (3<i>R</i>)-5-Hydroxymellein from an Endophytic Fungus <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968 Derived from <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i> through the Inhibition of Lipoproteins Oxidation and Foam Cell Formation
An endophytic fungus, <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968, was isolated from a plant, <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i>. The chemical investigation of its cultures led to the isolation of a secondary metabolite, (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein. It has been reported to have a...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-05-01
|
| Series: | Biomolecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/715 |
| _version_ | 1797568819197116416 |
|---|---|
| author | Jae-Yong Kim Soonok Kim Sang Hee Shim |
| author_facet | Jae-Yong Kim Soonok Kim Sang Hee Shim |
| author_sort | Jae-Yong Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An endophytic fungus, <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968, was isolated from a plant, <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i>. The chemical investigation of its cultures led to the isolation of a secondary metabolite, (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein. It has been reported to have antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity, but there have been no previous reports on the effects of (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein on atherosclerosis. The oxidation of lipoproteins and foam cell formation have been known to be significant in the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the inhibitory effects of (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein on atherosclerosis through low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) oxidation and macrophage foam cell formation. LDL and HDL oxidation were determined by measuring the production of conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde, the amount of hyperchromicity and carbonyl content, conformational changes, and anti-LDL oxidation. In addition, the inhibition of foam cell formation was measured by Oil red O staining. As a result, (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein suppressed the oxidation of LDL and HDL through the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, the decrease of negative charges, the reduction of hyperchromicity and carbonyl contents, and the prevention of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) aggregation and apoB-100 fragmentation. Furthermore, (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein significantly reduced foam cell formation induced by oxidized LDL (oxLDL). Taken together, our data show that (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein could be a potential preventive agent for atherosclerosis via obvious anti-LDL and HDL oxidation and the inhibition of foam cell formation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:02:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94185070ee9d42358568ee117b0e1431 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:02:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-94185070ee9d42358568ee117b0e14312023-11-19T23:30:22ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2020-05-0110571510.3390/biom10050715Anti-Atherosclerotic Activity of (3<i>R</i>)-5-Hydroxymellein from an Endophytic Fungus <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968 Derived from <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i> through the Inhibition of Lipoproteins Oxidation and Foam Cell FormationJae-Yong Kim0Soonok Kim1Sang Hee Shim2College of Pharmacy, Duksung Woman’s University, Seoul 01369, KoreaBiological Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Duksung Woman’s University, Seoul 01369, KoreaAn endophytic fungus, <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968, was isolated from a plant, <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i>. The chemical investigation of its cultures led to the isolation of a secondary metabolite, (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein. It has been reported to have antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity, but there have been no previous reports on the effects of (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein on atherosclerosis. The oxidation of lipoproteins and foam cell formation have been known to be significant in the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the inhibitory effects of (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein on atherosclerosis through low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) oxidation and macrophage foam cell formation. LDL and HDL oxidation were determined by measuring the production of conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde, the amount of hyperchromicity and carbonyl content, conformational changes, and anti-LDL oxidation. In addition, the inhibition of foam cell formation was measured by Oil red O staining. As a result, (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein suppressed the oxidation of LDL and HDL through the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, the decrease of negative charges, the reduction of hyperchromicity and carbonyl contents, and the prevention of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) aggregation and apoB-100 fragmentation. Furthermore, (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein significantly reduced foam cell formation induced by oxidized LDL (oxLDL). Taken together, our data show that (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein could be a potential preventive agent for atherosclerosis via obvious anti-LDL and HDL oxidation and the inhibition of foam cell formation.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/715(3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymelleinlow-density lipoproteinhigh-density lipoproteinoxidationfoam cellatherosclerosis |
| spellingShingle | Jae-Yong Kim Soonok Kim Sang Hee Shim Anti-Atherosclerotic Activity of (3<i>R</i>)-5-Hydroxymellein from an Endophytic Fungus <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968 Derived from <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i> through the Inhibition of Lipoproteins Oxidation and Foam Cell Formation Biomolecules (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein low-density lipoprotein high-density lipoprotein oxidation foam cell atherosclerosis |
| title | Anti-Atherosclerotic Activity of (3<i>R</i>)-5-Hydroxymellein from an Endophytic Fungus <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968 Derived from <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i> through the Inhibition of Lipoproteins Oxidation and Foam Cell Formation |
| title_full | Anti-Atherosclerotic Activity of (3<i>R</i>)-5-Hydroxymellein from an Endophytic Fungus <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968 Derived from <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i> through the Inhibition of Lipoproteins Oxidation and Foam Cell Formation |
| title_fullStr | Anti-Atherosclerotic Activity of (3<i>R</i>)-5-Hydroxymellein from an Endophytic Fungus <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968 Derived from <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i> through the Inhibition of Lipoproteins Oxidation and Foam Cell Formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-Atherosclerotic Activity of (3<i>R</i>)-5-Hydroxymellein from an Endophytic Fungus <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968 Derived from <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i> through the Inhibition of Lipoproteins Oxidation and Foam Cell Formation |
| title_short | Anti-Atherosclerotic Activity of (3<i>R</i>)-5-Hydroxymellein from an Endophytic Fungus <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> JS-0968 Derived from <i>Vitex rotundifolia</i> through the Inhibition of Lipoproteins Oxidation and Foam Cell Formation |
| title_sort | anti atherosclerotic activity of 3 i r i 5 hydroxymellein from an endophytic fungus i neofusicoccum parvum i js 0968 derived from i vitex rotundifolia i through the inhibition of lipoproteins oxidation and foam cell formation |
| topic | (3<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxymellein low-density lipoprotein high-density lipoprotein oxidation foam cell atherosclerosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/715 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jaeyongkim antiatheroscleroticactivityof3iri5hydroxymelleinfromanendophyticfungusineofusicoccumparvumijs0968derivedfromivitexrotundifoliaithroughtheinhibitionoflipoproteinsoxidationandfoamcellformation AT soonokkim antiatheroscleroticactivityof3iri5hydroxymelleinfromanendophyticfungusineofusicoccumparvumijs0968derivedfromivitexrotundifoliaithroughtheinhibitionoflipoproteinsoxidationandfoamcellformation AT sangheeshim antiatheroscleroticactivityof3iri5hydroxymelleinfromanendophyticfungusineofusicoccumparvumijs0968derivedfromivitexrotundifoliaithroughtheinhibitionoflipoproteinsoxidationandfoamcellformation |