Pharmacodynamic sodium channel blockers-induced seizure aggravation in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy
Pharmacodynamic aggravation (PA) is an unpredictable increase in the frequency, the severity of existing seizures, and/or development of new seizure types despite rational (adequate for seizure type and epilepsy form) antiepileptic drug (AED) prescription. Many mechanisms and predictors of its devel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
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IMA-PRESS LLC
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика |
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| Online Access: | https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1629 |
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| author | V. A. Karlov P. N. Vlasov A. M. Azhigova A. B. Kozhokaru A. S. Orlova |
| author_facet | V. A. Karlov P. N. Vlasov A. M. Azhigova A. B. Kozhokaru A. S. Orlova |
| author_sort | V. A. Karlov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pharmacodynamic aggravation (PA) is an unpredictable increase in the frequency, the severity of existing seizures, and/or development of new seizure types despite rational (adequate for seizure type and epilepsy form) antiepileptic drug (AED) prescription. Many mechanisms and predictors of its development are still poorly understood.Objective: to analyze PA of seizures in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy receiving monotherapy with sodium channel blockers with epileptiform activity index (EAI) assessment.Patients and methods. We enrolled 201 patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy aged 16—81 years. In twelve months, patients had five follow-up visits. At each visit, treatment tolerability and efficacy were assessed, taking into account changes in the type, severity, and frequency of seizures. Additionally, at each visit, video-electroencephalographic monitoring was performed with EAI assessment. PA of seizures occurred in patients on oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine, and lacosamide therapy.Results and discussion. Five patients with PA of seizures had increased total EAI and EAI before sleep at the second follow-up visit after sodium channel blockers prescription. Electroencephalographic correlates of PA occurred earlier than clinical manifestations. In patients with PA, the absolute increase in EAI was minimal in patients receiving oxcarbazepine, and lacosamide therapy was associated with a minimal relative increase in EAI. At the end of the follow-up, total EAI decreased by 54—80% relative to its initial value in all five patients. The difference in the total index during the first and last visits was statistically significant.Conclusion. Due to the low level of knowledge about PA of seizures, it seems necessary to consider its possibility in all cases of increased frequency, aggravation, or change in the type of seizures after the AED treatment initiation or an increase in its dose. It is also possible to use changes in total EAI and EAI before sleep as an early objective marker of PA in adults with focal epilepsy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T02:01:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-943da1f51c7a49aea00f68ccab73de29 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2074-2711 2310-1342 |
| language | Russian |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T02:01:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | IMA-PRESS LLC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика |
| spelling | doaj.art-943da1f51c7a49aea00f68ccab73de292023-03-13T08:42:21ZrusIMA-PRESS LLCНеврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика2074-27112310-13422021-08-01134435110.14412/2074-2711-2021-4-43-511161Pharmacodynamic sodium channel blockers-induced seizure aggravation in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsyV. A. Karlov0P. N. Vlasov1A. M. Azhigova2A. B. Kozhokaru3A. S. Orlova4A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of RussiaA.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of RussiaA.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of RussiaA.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, FMBA of RussiaI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of RussiaPharmacodynamic aggravation (PA) is an unpredictable increase in the frequency, the severity of existing seizures, and/or development of new seizure types despite rational (adequate for seizure type and epilepsy form) antiepileptic drug (AED) prescription. Many mechanisms and predictors of its development are still poorly understood.Objective: to analyze PA of seizures in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy receiving monotherapy with sodium channel blockers with epileptiform activity index (EAI) assessment.Patients and methods. We enrolled 201 patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy aged 16—81 years. In twelve months, patients had five follow-up visits. At each visit, treatment tolerability and efficacy were assessed, taking into account changes in the type, severity, and frequency of seizures. Additionally, at each visit, video-electroencephalographic monitoring was performed with EAI assessment. PA of seizures occurred in patients on oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine, and lacosamide therapy.Results and discussion. Five patients with PA of seizures had increased total EAI and EAI before sleep at the second follow-up visit after sodium channel blockers prescription. Electroencephalographic correlates of PA occurred earlier than clinical manifestations. In patients with PA, the absolute increase in EAI was minimal in patients receiving oxcarbazepine, and lacosamide therapy was associated with a minimal relative increase in EAI. At the end of the follow-up, total EAI decreased by 54—80% relative to its initial value in all five patients. The difference in the total index during the first and last visits was statistically significant.Conclusion. Due to the low level of knowledge about PA of seizures, it seems necessary to consider its possibility in all cases of increased frequency, aggravation, or change in the type of seizures after the AED treatment initiation or an increase in its dose. It is also possible to use changes in total EAI and EAI before sleep as an early objective marker of PA in adults with focal epilepsy.https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1629focal epilepsypharmacodynamics aggravationparadoxical increase in seizure frequencyparadoxical effectepileptiform activity indexsodium channel blockersantiepileptic drugs |
| spellingShingle | V. A. Karlov P. N. Vlasov A. M. Azhigova A. B. Kozhokaru A. S. Orlova Pharmacodynamic sodium channel blockers-induced seizure aggravation in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика focal epilepsy pharmacodynamics aggravation paradoxical increase in seizure frequency paradoxical effect epileptiform activity index sodium channel blockers antiepileptic drugs |
| title | Pharmacodynamic sodium channel blockers-induced seizure aggravation in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy |
| title_full | Pharmacodynamic sodium channel blockers-induced seizure aggravation in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacodynamic sodium channel blockers-induced seizure aggravation in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacodynamic sodium channel blockers-induced seizure aggravation in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy |
| title_short | Pharmacodynamic sodium channel blockers-induced seizure aggravation in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy |
| title_sort | pharmacodynamic sodium channel blockers induced seizure aggravation in patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy |
| topic | focal epilepsy pharmacodynamics aggravation paradoxical increase in seizure frequency paradoxical effect epileptiform activity index sodium channel blockers antiepileptic drugs |
| url | https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1629 |
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