Validation of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) Among Medical Students in China: Analyses Using Three Psychometric Methods
This study aimed to validate the simplified Chinese version of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (cTEQ) for use with the Chinese population. The original English version of the TEQ was translated into simplified Chinese based on international criteria. Psychometric analyses were performed based on t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00810/full |
| _version_ | 1818516252048490496 |
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| author | Richard Huan Xu Eliza Lai-yi Wong Sabrina Yu-jun Lu Ling-ming Zhou Jing-hui Chang Dong Wang |
| author_facet | Richard Huan Xu Eliza Lai-yi Wong Sabrina Yu-jun Lu Ling-ming Zhou Jing-hui Chang Dong Wang |
| author_sort | Richard Huan Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to validate the simplified Chinese version of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (cTEQ) for use with the Chinese population. The original English version of the TEQ was translated into simplified Chinese based on international criteria. Psychometric analyses were performed based on three psychometric methods: classical test theory (CTT), item response theory (IRT), and Rasch model theory (RMT). Differential item functioning analysis was adopted to check possible item bias caused by responses from different subgroups based on sex and ethnicity. A total of 1296 medical students successfully completed the TEQ through an online survey; 75.2% of respondents were female and the average age was 19 years old. Forty students completed the questionnaire 2 weeks later to assess the test–retest reliability of the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 3-factor structure of the cTEQ. The CTT analyses confirmed that the cTEQ has sound psychometric properties. However, IRT and RMT analyses suggested some items might need further modifications and revisions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:39:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94c0283a760640baaab61d221e1d9400 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:39:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-94c0283a760640baaab61d221e1d94002022-12-22T01:26:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782020-04-011110.3389/fpsyg.2020.00810520897Validation of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) Among Medical Students in China: Analyses Using Three Psychometric MethodsRichard Huan Xu0Eliza Lai-yi Wong1Sabrina Yu-jun Lu2Ling-ming Zhou3Jing-hui Chang4Dong Wang5Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaJockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaFaculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaSchool of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaThis study aimed to validate the simplified Chinese version of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (cTEQ) for use with the Chinese population. The original English version of the TEQ was translated into simplified Chinese based on international criteria. Psychometric analyses were performed based on three psychometric methods: classical test theory (CTT), item response theory (IRT), and Rasch model theory (RMT). Differential item functioning analysis was adopted to check possible item bias caused by responses from different subgroups based on sex and ethnicity. A total of 1296 medical students successfully completed the TEQ through an online survey; 75.2% of respondents were female and the average age was 19 years old. Forty students completed the questionnaire 2 weeks later to assess the test–retest reliability of the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 3-factor structure of the cTEQ. The CTT analyses confirmed that the cTEQ has sound psychometric properties. However, IRT and RMT analyses suggested some items might need further modifications and revisions.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00810/fullempathymedical studentChinavalidationRasch modelitem response theory |
| spellingShingle | Richard Huan Xu Eliza Lai-yi Wong Sabrina Yu-jun Lu Ling-ming Zhou Jing-hui Chang Dong Wang Validation of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) Among Medical Students in China: Analyses Using Three Psychometric Methods Frontiers in Psychology empathy medical student China validation Rasch model item response theory |
| title | Validation of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) Among Medical Students in China: Analyses Using Three Psychometric Methods |
| title_full | Validation of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) Among Medical Students in China: Analyses Using Three Psychometric Methods |
| title_fullStr | Validation of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) Among Medical Students in China: Analyses Using Three Psychometric Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Validation of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) Among Medical Students in China: Analyses Using Three Psychometric Methods |
| title_short | Validation of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) Among Medical Students in China: Analyses Using Three Psychometric Methods |
| title_sort | validation of the toronto empathy questionnaire teq among medical students in china analyses using three psychometric methods |
| topic | empathy medical student China validation Rasch model item response theory |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00810/full |
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