Orientation matters: Measuring the correct surface of polyamide membranes with quartz crystal microbalance

The surface of polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes which regulates interface-dominated phenomena, such as partitioning and fouling, is the one facing the feed during operation. However, the opposite surface of the polyamide selective layer, the one facing the permeate and in contact with the po...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Luis Francisco Villalobos, Kevin E. Pataroque, Weiyi Pan, Tianchi Cao, Masashi Kaneda, Camille Violet, Cody L. Ritt, Eric M.V. Hoek, Menachem Elimelech
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2023-11-01
Series:Journal of Membrane Science Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772421223000120