Budworm-linked warblers as early indicators of defoliation by spruce budworm: A field study

Budworm-linked warblers as early indicators of defoliation by spruce budworm: A field study

Outbreaks of eastern spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana; hereafter SBW) are a major natural disturbance in coniferous forests of eastern North America. These outbreaks provide a superabundant source of food for insectivorous birds. Three species, referred to as budworm-linked warblers, exhibit...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jeanne Moisan Perrier, Daniel Kneeshaw, Martin-Hugues St-Laurent, Peter Pyle, Marc-André Villard
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2021-06-01
Series:Ecological Indicators
Subjects:
Boreal forest
Despotic behavior
Dispersal
Herbivorous insects
Early intervention strategies
Insect outbreaks
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21002089

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