Rings, Shells, and Arc Structures Around B[e] Supergiants. I. Classical Tools of Nonlinear Hydrodynamics

Structures in circumstellar matter reflect both fast processes and quasi-equilibrium states. A geometrical diversity of emitting circumstellar matter is observed around evolved massive stars, in particular around B[e] supergiants. We recapitulate classical analytical tools of linear and nonlinear po...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dieter H. Nickeler, Michaela Kraus
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2024-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e53