Towards a Better Quantification of Cyanotoxins in Fruits and Vegetables: Validation and Application of an UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Method on Belgian Products
Vegetables and fruits can potentially accumulate cyanotoxins after water contaminated with cyanobacteria is used for irrigation. We developed and validated an analytical method to quantify eight microcystin congeners (MCs) and nodularin (NOD) using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography couple...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Separations |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/10/319 |
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| author | Wannes Hugo R. Van Hassel Julien Masquelier Mirjana Andjelkovic Andreja Rajkovic |
| author_facet | Wannes Hugo R. Van Hassel Julien Masquelier Mirjana Andjelkovic Andreja Rajkovic |
| author_sort | Wannes Hugo R. Van Hassel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vegetables and fruits can potentially accumulate cyanotoxins after water contaminated with cyanobacteria is used for irrigation. We developed and validated an analytical method to quantify eight microcystin congeners (MCs) and nodularin (NOD) using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) in three different matrices. Strawberries, carrots and lettuce are selected as model matrices to represent the fruits/berries, leafy and root vegetables, sequentially. The validation of a UHPLC-MS/MS method in the strawberry matrix is novel. Matrix effects are observed in all three matrices. Our methodology uses matrix-matched calibration curves to compensate for the matrix effect. The implementation of our method on 103 samples, containing nine different sorts of fruits and vegetables from the Belgian market, showed no presence of MCs or NOD. However, the recoveries of our quality controls showed the effectiveness of our method, illustrating that the use of this method in future research or monitoring as well as in official food controls in fruit and vegetable matrices is valid. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:29:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-98d0731d4cca459c8a06876b42cdd0f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-8739 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:29:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Separations |
| spelling | doaj.art-98d0731d4cca459c8a06876b42cdd0f22023-11-24T02:32:50ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392022-10-0191031910.3390/separations9100319Towards a Better Quantification of Cyanotoxins in Fruits and Vegetables: Validation and Application of an UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Method on Belgian ProductsWannes Hugo R. Van Hassel0Julien Masquelier1Mirjana Andjelkovic2Andreja Rajkovic3Unit Toxins, Organic Contaminants and Additives, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumUnit Toxins, Organic Contaminants and Additives, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumRisk and -Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumDepartment of Food technology, Food safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, BelgiumVegetables and fruits can potentially accumulate cyanotoxins after water contaminated with cyanobacteria is used for irrigation. We developed and validated an analytical method to quantify eight microcystin congeners (MCs) and nodularin (NOD) using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) in three different matrices. Strawberries, carrots and lettuce are selected as model matrices to represent the fruits/berries, leafy and root vegetables, sequentially. The validation of a UHPLC-MS/MS method in the strawberry matrix is novel. Matrix effects are observed in all three matrices. Our methodology uses matrix-matched calibration curves to compensate for the matrix effect. The implementation of our method on 103 samples, containing nine different sorts of fruits and vegetables from the Belgian market, showed no presence of MCs or NOD. However, the recoveries of our quality controls showed the effectiveness of our method, illustrating that the use of this method in future research or monitoring as well as in official food controls in fruit and vegetable matrices is valid.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/10/319food samplesquantitative analysisanalytical methodsUHPLC-MS/MSmicrocystincrops |
| spellingShingle | Wannes Hugo R. Van Hassel Julien Masquelier Mirjana Andjelkovic Andreja Rajkovic Towards a Better Quantification of Cyanotoxins in Fruits and Vegetables: Validation and Application of an UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Method on Belgian Products Separations food samples quantitative analysis analytical methods UHPLC-MS/MS microcystin crops |
| title | Towards a Better Quantification of Cyanotoxins in Fruits and Vegetables: Validation and Application of an UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Method on Belgian Products |
| title_full | Towards a Better Quantification of Cyanotoxins in Fruits and Vegetables: Validation and Application of an UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Method on Belgian Products |
| title_fullStr | Towards a Better Quantification of Cyanotoxins in Fruits and Vegetables: Validation and Application of an UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Method on Belgian Products |
| title_full_unstemmed | Towards a Better Quantification of Cyanotoxins in Fruits and Vegetables: Validation and Application of an UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Method on Belgian Products |
| title_short | Towards a Better Quantification of Cyanotoxins in Fruits and Vegetables: Validation and Application of an UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Method on Belgian Products |
| title_sort | towards a better quantification of cyanotoxins in fruits and vegetables validation and application of an uhplc ms ms based method on belgian products |
| topic | food samples quantitative analysis analytical methods UHPLC-MS/MS microcystin crops |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/10/319 |
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