Assessment of the Potential of a Native Non-Aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Isolate to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination in Dairy Feed
<i>Aspergillus</i> species can produce aflatoxins (AFs), which can severely affect human and animal health. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of reducing AF contamination of a non-aflatoxigenic isolate of <i>A. flavus</i> experimentally coinoculated with different af...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/7/437 |
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| author | Erika Janet Rangel-Muñoz Arturo Gerardo Valdivia-Flores Sanjuana Hernández-Delgado Carlos Cruz-Vázquez María Carolina de-Luna-López Teódulo Quezada-Tristán Raúl Ortiz-Martínez Netzahualcóyotl Mayek-Pérez |
| author_facet | Erika Janet Rangel-Muñoz Arturo Gerardo Valdivia-Flores Sanjuana Hernández-Delgado Carlos Cruz-Vázquez María Carolina de-Luna-López Teódulo Quezada-Tristán Raúl Ortiz-Martínez Netzahualcóyotl Mayek-Pérez |
| author_sort | Erika Janet Rangel-Muñoz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Aspergillus</i> species can produce aflatoxins (AFs), which can severely affect human and animal health. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of reducing AF contamination of a non-aflatoxigenic isolate of <i>A. flavus</i> experimentally coinoculated with different aflatoxigenic strains in whole plant (WP), corn silage (CS), immature grains (IG) and in culture media (CM). An L-morphotype of <i>A. flavus</i> (CS1) was obtained from CS in a dairy farm located in the Mexican Highland Plateau; The CS1 failed to amplify the AFs biosynthetic pathway regulatory gene (aflR). Monosporic CS1 isolates were coinoculated in WP, CS, IG and CM, together with <i>A. flavus</i> strains with known aflatoxigenic capacity (originating from Cuautitlán and Tamaulipas, Mexico), and native isolates from concentrate feed (CF1, CF2 and CF3) and CS (CS2, CS3). AF production was evaluated by HPLC and fungal growth rate was measured on culture media. The positive control strains and those isolated from CF produced a large average amount of AFs (15,622 ± 3952 and 12,189 ± 3311 µg/kg), whereas <i>A. flavus</i> strains obtained from CS produced a lower AF concentration (126 ± 25.9 µg/kg). CS1 was efficient (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in decreasing AF concentrations when coinoculated together with CF, CS and aflatoxigenic positive control strains (71.6–88.7, 51.0–51.1 and 63.1–71.5%) on WP, CS, IG and CM substrates (73.9–78.2, 65.1–73.7, 63.8–68.4 and 57.4–67.6%). The results suggest that the non-aflatoxigenic isolate can be an effective tool to reduce AF contamination in feed and to minimize the presence of its metabolites in raw milk and dairy products intended for human nutrition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:46:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9cbfe4295df342c49681de1ac7f702c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:46:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-9cbfe4295df342c49681de1ac7f702c02023-12-03T12:20:56ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512022-06-0114743710.3390/toxins14070437Assessment of the Potential of a Native Non-Aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Isolate to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination in Dairy FeedErika Janet Rangel-Muñoz0Arturo Gerardo Valdivia-Flores1Sanjuana Hernández-Delgado2Carlos Cruz-Vázquez3María Carolina de-Luna-López4Teódulo Quezada-Tristán5Raúl Ortiz-Martínez6Netzahualcóyotl Mayek-Pérez7Centro de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, MexicoCentro de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, MexicoInstituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Reynosa 88710, MexicoInstituto Tecnológico de México, Aguascalientes 20330, MexicoCentro de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, MexicoCentro de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, MexicoCentro de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20100, MexicoUnidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa–Rodhe, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Reynosa 88779, Mexico<i>Aspergillus</i> species can produce aflatoxins (AFs), which can severely affect human and animal health. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of reducing AF contamination of a non-aflatoxigenic isolate of <i>A. flavus</i> experimentally coinoculated with different aflatoxigenic strains in whole plant (WP), corn silage (CS), immature grains (IG) and in culture media (CM). An L-morphotype of <i>A. flavus</i> (CS1) was obtained from CS in a dairy farm located in the Mexican Highland Plateau; The CS1 failed to amplify the AFs biosynthetic pathway regulatory gene (aflR). Monosporic CS1 isolates were coinoculated in WP, CS, IG and CM, together with <i>A. flavus</i> strains with known aflatoxigenic capacity (originating from Cuautitlán and Tamaulipas, Mexico), and native isolates from concentrate feed (CF1, CF2 and CF3) and CS (CS2, CS3). AF production was evaluated by HPLC and fungal growth rate was measured on culture media. The positive control strains and those isolated from CF produced a large average amount of AFs (15,622 ± 3952 and 12,189 ± 3311 µg/kg), whereas <i>A. flavus</i> strains obtained from CS produced a lower AF concentration (126 ± 25.9 µg/kg). CS1 was efficient (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in decreasing AF concentrations when coinoculated together with CF, CS and aflatoxigenic positive control strains (71.6–88.7, 51.0–51.1 and 63.1–71.5%) on WP, CS, IG and CM substrates (73.9–78.2, 65.1–73.7, 63.8–68.4 and 57.4–67.6%). The results suggest that the non-aflatoxigenic isolate can be an effective tool to reduce AF contamination in feed and to minimize the presence of its metabolites in raw milk and dairy products intended for human nutrition.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/7/437mycotoxinsbiological controlaflatoxin biocontrol agentsMexicodairy cows |
| spellingShingle | Erika Janet Rangel-Muñoz Arturo Gerardo Valdivia-Flores Sanjuana Hernández-Delgado Carlos Cruz-Vázquez María Carolina de-Luna-López Teódulo Quezada-Tristán Raúl Ortiz-Martínez Netzahualcóyotl Mayek-Pérez Assessment of the Potential of a Native Non-Aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Isolate to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination in Dairy Feed Toxins mycotoxins biological control aflatoxin biocontrol agents Mexico dairy cows |
| title | Assessment of the Potential of a Native Non-Aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Isolate to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination in Dairy Feed |
| title_full | Assessment of the Potential of a Native Non-Aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Isolate to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination in Dairy Feed |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the Potential of a Native Non-Aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Isolate to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination in Dairy Feed |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the Potential of a Native Non-Aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Isolate to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination in Dairy Feed |
| title_short | Assessment of the Potential of a Native Non-Aflatoxigenic <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Isolate to Reduce Aflatoxin Contamination in Dairy Feed |
| title_sort | assessment of the potential of a native non aflatoxigenic i aspergillus flavus i isolate to reduce aflatoxin contamination in dairy feed |
| topic | mycotoxins biological control aflatoxin biocontrol agents Mexico dairy cows |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/7/437 |
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