Top-Down and/or Bottom-Up Processing in Iranian EFL Learners'''' Listening Comprehension at Pre-Intermediate Level
This research is aimed at finding out whether Iranian EFL learners of English at the pre-intermediate level would prefer bottom-up or top-down processing in their listening comprehension. There were 90 students, 72 girls and 18 boys. All were in term 2 studying English translation and English litera...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | fas |
| Published: |
Allameh Tabataba'i University Press
2007-08-01
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| Series: | Matn/Pizhūhī-i Adabī |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ltr.atu.ac.ir/article_6399_8e7f89ebaaf2dc9d84db8b9cf28dd478.pdf |